Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau June 2010 This report is available for reference in the FCC’s Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street, SW, Washington, DC. Copies may be purchased by contacting Best Copy and Printing, Inc., 445 12th Street, SW, Room CY-B402, Washington, DC 20554, telephone (800) 378-3160, or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. The report can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 i Contents TEXT Introduction.............................................................................................................................................1 Explanation of terminology used in this report.......................................................................................2 Wireline retail local telephone service....................................................................................................2 Service providers ....................................................................................................................................3 Interconnected VoIP service .................................................................................................... ...............6 Switched access lines ..............................................................................................................................9 Wholesale relationships for switched access lines..................................................................................9 Remainder of the report ........................................................................................................................11 FIGURES 1. Wireline Retail Local Telephone Service Connections by Technology and Customer Type .................................................................................................................................3 2. Wireline Retail Local Telephone Service Connections by Customer Type and Regulatory Status .............................................................................................................................4 3. Wireline Retail Local Telephone Service Connections by Technology, Regulatory Status and Customer Type ..........................................................................................................................5 4. Interconnected VoIP Subscribership by Reported Service Features ................................................7 5. Technology of Internet Access Connections in Interconnected VoIP Broadband Bundles .............8 6. Technology of Retail Switched Access Lines ..................................................................................9 7. Wholesale Relationships as Reported Respectively by CLECs and ILECs ...................................10 TABLES 1. End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions............................................................12 2. End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by Customer Type .............................13 3. End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions Reported by Non-ILECs....................14 4. ILEC End-User (Retail) and Wholesale Sw itched Access Lines, VoIP Subscriptions, and UNEs ...................................................................................................................... .................15 5. End-User Switched Access Lines and Vo IP Subscriptions by Type of Technology for Non-ILEC Providers .................................................................................................................16 6. Percentage of Switched Access Lines Presubscribed for Long Distance Service..........................17 7. Residential and Business Presubscribed Switched Access Lines...................................................18 8. Total End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State ....................................19 9. Residential End-User Switched Access Li nes and VoIP Subscriptions by State ...........................20 10. Business End-User Switched Access Li nes and VoIP Subscriptions by State...............................21 11. Non-ILEC Share of Total End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State ...........................................................................................................................................22 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 ii 12. Non-ILEC Total End-User Switched Access Li nes and VoIP Subscriptions by State ..................23 13. ILEC Total End-User Switched Access Li nes and VoIP Subscriptions by State...........................24 14. Non-ILEC Methods of Providing Wireline Telephone Services by State .....................................25 15. Percentage of End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions Provided to Residential Customers by State .....................................................................................................26 16. Number of Reporting ILECs, Non-ILECs, and VoIP Providers by State ......................................27 17. Mobile Telephone Facilities-based Carriers and Mobile Telephony Subscribers..........................28 18. Percentage of ZIP Codes with CLECs or Non-ILEC VoIP Pr oviders, 2005-2008 .......................29 19. Percentage of Households in ZIP Codes with CLECs or Non-ILEC VoIP Providers, 2005-2008 ......................................................................................................................................29 20. Percentage of ZIP Codes with CLECs or Non-ILEC VoIP Providers by State .............................30 CHARTS 1. End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions............................................................12 2. Percent of Lines and VoIP Subscriptions that Serve Residential Customers .................................13 3. Non-ILEC End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions..........................................14 4. ILEC Total Lines and the Percent Provided to CLECs ..................................................................15 5. End-User Switched Access Lines and Vo IP Subscriptions by Type of Technology for Non-ILEC Providers .................................................................................................................16 6. Percent Presubscribed Interstate Long Distance Lines for ILECs..................................................17 MAP Reporting Non-ILEC Interconnected VoIP Providers and CLECs by 5-Digit Geographical ZIP Code ............................................................................................... ........31 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 1 Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 Introduction. The Commission revised its FCC Form 477 program in 2008 to collect comprehensive information about retail interconnected Voice over Internet Protocol (“interconnected VoIP”) serv ice starting with data for year-end 2008.1,2 In this report, we highlight summary statistics for interconnected VoIP and explain the newly available data.3 At the same time, we continue to summarize the comprehensive information that Form 477 collects about more-traditional wireline local telephone service (“switched access lines”) in the tables and charts that constitute the body of the report, including the extent to which retail switched access lines are sold in bundles with (“presubscribed for”) long distance calling. We note that previous reports in this series included certain ZIP Code- based information about traditional wireline telephone service. We update the ZIP Code -based information in this report by including interconnected VoIP service retailers. 4 We note that there is at present no Form 477 requirement to 1 Development of Nationwide Broadband Data to Evaluate Reasonable and Timely Deployment of Advanced Services to All Americans, Improvement of Wireless Broadband Subscribership Data, and Development of Data on Interconnected Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Subscribership, WC Docket No. 07-38, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 23 FCC Rcd 9691 (2008) (2008 Broadband Data Gathering Order); Order on Reconsideration, 23 FCC Rcd 9800 (2008). Qualifying entities file FCC Form 477 each year on March 1 (reporting data for the preceding December 31) and September 1 (reporting data for June 30 of the same year). The first data collected on Form 477 were for December 31, 1999. Effective with the filing of data as of December 31, 2008, Form 477 is a Web-based electronic filing system, and the reporting of information about voice service subscribers is mandatory for providers of interconnected VoIP service as well as for local exchan ge carriers and facilities-based providers of mobile telephony service. Information about the filing system and the Form 477 program generally is available at http://www.fcc.gov/form477/. 2 The FCC’s rules (at 47 C.F.R. § 9.3) state: An interconnected Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service is a service that: (1) Enables real-time, two-way voice communications; (2) Requires a broadband connection from the user’s location; (3) Requires Internet protocol-compatible customer premises equipment (CPE); and (4) Permits users generally to receive calls that originate on the public switched telephone network and to terminate calls to the public switched telephone network. We note that the current interpretation of element (4) of the definition excludes the VoIP services that Skype offers in the United States, and subscribers to those services are not reported on Form 477. 3 Prior to the December 2008 data, companies that solely provide interconnected VoIP service did not file Form 477. Local exchange carriers were required to file Form 477 but were not required to report interconnected VoIP subscriptions. However, some local exchange carriers chose to include interconnected VoIP subscriptions in t he number of retail (end-user) switched access lines that they reported. 4 Wireline service providers report whether they have at least one residential or business customer in each ZIP Code, using either switched access or interconnected VoIP. Because pr oviders may not offer service across an entire ZIP Code and because different providers may target different customer segments in areas where they provide service, we cannot conclude that the number of providers identified as delivering wireline service within a ZIP Code represents the number of options available to any specific customer within that ZIP Code. We further note that these data on the number of providers in a ZIP Code do not indicate whether a particular provider is offering service solely over its own last-mile facilities or is using the facilities of another carrier or entity. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 2 report any telephone service information at the census-tract level of detail.5 We also update summary statistics for the mobile telephony subscribership information collected by Form 477.6,7 Explanation of terminology used in this report . • We use “Non -ILEC” to refer to any service provider who does not have incumbent local exchange carrier (ILEC) regulatory status, including, for example, competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs), including both those who provide service over their own facilities and those who employ ILEC facilities or services, cable companies without CLEC regulatory status who provide interconnected VoIP service, and over -the-top (OTT) interconnected VoIP prov iders who neither own nor operate telecommunications facilities. • All “VoIP subscriptions” discussed in this report are interconnected VoIP subscriptions. • When referring specifically to ILECs, we use the term “total lines” to mean the sum of ILEC - reported retail (end-user) switched access lines, ILEC interconnected VoIP subscriptions, and ILEC wholesale switched access lines and unbundled network elements (UNEs ) provided to CLECs. • We specify “RBOC” and “Other ILEC” when we wish to distinguish between info rmation reported by the Regional Bell Operating Companies (that is, AT&T, Qwest, and Verizon) and information reported by all other ILECs as a group. • We place information into the non-ILEC category if it pertains to the CLEC affiliate of an ILEC who is not one of the RBOCs. • We place information into the ILEC category to the extent the information pertains to the CLEC affiliate of an RBOC who is operating within the RBOC’s ILEC service area. • When counting service providers who have any retail customers in a particular geography (for example, a state or a ZIP Code), we count a holding company or common- control entity no more than once in any specified sub-category of total providers. • Nationwide counts of providers are unique counts for any specified sub-category of total providers (for example, all non-ILECs or all interconnected VoIP providers); an entity operating in multiple states is counted only once. Wireline retail local telephone service . We begin by summariz ing the information that Form 477 collects about retail local telephone service customers served by the two wireline technologies – “end - user” switched access lines and interconnected VoIP “subscriptions .” We note that the Form 477 program counts lines and subscriptions as the maximum number of voice calls that can be active at one 5 This contrasts with the census tract-based broadband reporting requirements the Commission adopted in 2008, at which time the Commission sought comment about requiring local exchange carriers and interconnected VoIP service providers to report the number of voice telephone service connections, and the percentage of these that are residential, at the 5-digit ZIP Code or census tract level of detail. See 2008 Broadband Data Gathering Order , 23 FCC Rcd at 9708, para. 33. 6 We emphasize that the presentation of mobile wireless telephone subscriber counts in Table 17 of this report does not consistute, or imply, Commission analysis of the extent to which wireline and mobile wireless telephone services are demand substitutes or complements in general or in any particular situation. In the Form 477 program, commercial mobile radio service (CMRS) carriers who own or operate wireless networks report both their retail telephone service customers and the retail customers of mobile wireless telephone service resellers. 7 For an in-depth discussion of mobile wireless services, see, e.g., Implementation of Section 6002(b) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993, Annual Report and Analysis of Competitive Market Conditions With Respect to Mobile Wireless, Including Commercial Mobile Services, WT Docket No. 09-66, Fourteenth Report, FCC 10-81 (2010), available at http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-81A1.doc. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 3 time from the retail customer’s location (for example, a business customer’s premises) under the service plan that the end user has purchased from a local exchange carrier or interconnected VoIP service retailer.8 • At year-end 2008, there were 141 million end-user switched access lines in service and 21 million interconnected VoIP subscriptions i n the United States, or about 162 million wireline retail local telephone service connections in total. Of these, 97 million were residential connections and 65 million were business connections. See Figure 1. • Cross-classified by technology and customer type, the 162 million wireline retail local telephone service connections were: 48% residential switched access lines, 39% business switched access lines, 12% residential VoIP subscriptions, and 1% business VoIP subscriptions. See Figure 1. Figure 1 Wireline Retail Local Telephone Service Connections by Technology and Customer Type as of December 31, 2008 (I n Thousands) Switched Access Interconnected Total Lines VoIP Residential 78,174 19,246 97,419 Business 62,801 2,009 64,810 Total 140,975 21,255 162,230 Switched, Residential 48% VoIP, Residential 12% Switched, Business 39 % VoIP, Business 1% Service providers . Next, we summarize the information that Form 477 coll ects about the retailers of wireline local telephone service. These include a variety of entities that are subject to different fede ral communications regulation. For example, they include the local telephone companies – both the long - established ILECs and the newer CLECs. They also include cable TV system operators, s ome of whom acquired CLEC regulatory status to provide switched access lines and others who chose to provide interconnected VoIP service over the communications facilities they own. More recently, they include OTT retailers of interconnected VoIP applications, such as Vonage. 8 Form 477 data may not count all VoIP phone connections to IP PBX equipment that is owned by end users because of the variety of ways the PBX may connect to the public switched telephone network. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 4 The Form 477 program – and this report – distinguishes ILEC operations from all other operations. Generally, ILEC operations are more closely regulated than non-ILEC operations because they operated as local monopolies for many years. After the Telecommunications Act of 1996 became law, some ILECs established CLEC affiliates (usually within a holding company or common-control structure) that compete against other ILECs. Also, some ILECs have acquired CLECs. In particular, RBOCs AT&T and Verizon have acquired major CLECs that operated within their ILEC service areas and elsewhere. 9 With this brief overview as background, we report: • Cross-classified by customer type (residential or business) and the service retailer’s regulatory status (ILEC or non-ILEC), the 162 million wireline retail local telephone service connections (including both switched access lines and interconnected VoIP subscriptions) at year-end 2008 were: 45% ILEC residential service, 28% ILECs business service, 15% non -ILECs residential service, and 12% non- ILECs business service. See Figure 2. Figure 2 Wireline Retail Local Telephone Service Connections by Customer Type and Regulatory Status as of December 31, 2008 (In T housands) Residential Business Total ILEC 72,785 45,718 118,503 Non - ILEC 24,634 19,092 43,726 Total 97,419 64,810 162,230 Non-ILEC, Residential 15 % ILEC, Business 28% ILEC, Residential 4 5 % Non-ILEC, Business 12% • Additionally cross-classified by technology, the 97 million wireline residential connections at year-end 2008 were: 74.5% ILEC switched access lines, 19.5% non- ILEC interconnected VoIP subscriptions, 5.8% non- ILEC switched access lines, and 0.3% ILEC interconnected VoIP subscriptions. By contrast, the 65 million wireline business connections were: 70.1% ILEC switched access lines, 26.8% non -ILEC switched access lines, 2.7% non -ILEC interconnected VoIP subscriptions, and 0.4% ILEC interconnecte d VoIP subscriptions. See Figure 3. 9 Qwest is the third of the three surviving RBOCs. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 5 Figure 3 Wireline Retail Local Telephone Service Co nnections by Technology, Regulatory Status, and Customer Type as of December 31, 2008 (I n Thousands) Total Switched Access Interconnected Total Lines VoIP ILEC 117,975 529 118,503 Non-ILEC 23,000 20,726 43,726 Total 140,975 21,255 162,230 R esidential ILEC 72,531 254 72,785 Non-ILEC 5,643 18,991 24,634 Residential Total 78,174 19,245 97,419 Business ILEC 45,444 274 45,718 Non-ILEC 17,357 1,735 19,092 Business Total 62,801 2,009 64,810 Residential ILEC, Switched 7 4 .5 % Non-ILEC, Switched 5 .8% Non-ILEC, VoIP 19 .5 % ILEC, VoIP 0.3% Business ILEC, Switched 70.1% Non-ILEC, Switched 26 .8% Non-ILEC, VoIP 2.7 % ILEC, VoIP 0.4 % U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 6 Interconnected VoIP service. Turning to consider the wireline local telephone service technologies individually, we discuss the new information about interconnected VoIP service that Form 477 now collects. In addition to counting interconnected VoIP subscriptions comprehensively, the recently modified Form 477 focuses on identifying three sets of information. • First, filers must report retail interconnected VoIP service bundles that include broadband Internet access service (“broadband bundle” ). More specifically, Form 477 now requires interconnected VoIP service retailers to distinguish between those interconnected VoIP subscriptions they sell in a package with broadband Internet access service and all the other interconnected VoIP subscriptions they sell (“standalone” subscriptions). We n ote that a retailer might complete the broadband bundle with an Internet access service connection that it owns, with a leased ILEC local loop or service that the retailer has equipped to operate as a broadband Internet access service connection, or with resold Internet access service. We also note that a retailer’s standalone service might be OTT interconnected VoIP but it also might be, for example, a standalone interconnected VoIP subscription sold by a cable system operator or a cable system’s bundle of interconnected VoIP and cable TV service. • Second, filers report whether or not interconnected VoIP subscriptions include , as a service feature, the capability to use the service over any broadband connection to which the customer has access, for example, at a hotel or vacation residence (“nomadic” functionality) . • Third, filers identify the different broadband technologies (for example, cable modem Internet access service) in the broadband bundle. The Form 477 data cross-classify the first two of the three new sets of information. See Figure 4. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 7 Figure 4 Interconnected VoIP Subscribership by Reported Service Features as of December 31, 2008 (In T housands) Total Broadband Standalone Total Bundle VoIP Nomadic 333 2,409 2,742 Not nomadic 16,927 1,585 18,513 Total 17,260 3,995 21,255 ILEC Nomadic 16 37 54 Not nomadic 475 0 475 ILEC Total 491 38 529 Non - ILEC Nomadic 317 2,372 2,688 Not nomadic 16,453 1,585 18,038 Non-ILEC Total 16,769 3,957 20,726 ILEC Bun dle , Not nomadic 89 .8% Bun dle , Nomadic 3.1% Stan dalone, Nomadic 7 .1 % Stan dalone, Not nomadic 0.1% Non-ILEC Bun dle , Not nomadic 7 9 . 4 % Stan dalone, Not nomadic 7 . 6 % Bun dle , Nomadic 1.5 % Stan dalone, Nomadic 11.4 % U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 8 Form 477 collects the third type of newly available information – the technology of the Internet access connection – for broadband bundle s but not for standalone interconnected VoIP. See Figure 5. 10 Figure 5 Technology of Internet Access Connections in Interconnected VoIP Broadband Bundle s as of December 31, 2008 (I n Thousands) Technology ILEC Non - ILEC Total DSL or Other Wireline 481 658 1,139 FTTP 7 129 136 Cable Modem 2 15,879 15,881 Terrestrial Fixed Wireless 0 17 17 Other 0 87 87 Total 491 16,769 17,260 ILEC Cable Modem 0.5% DSL or Other Wireline 98.1% FTTP 1.4% Non-ILEC FTTP 0.8% DSL or Other Wireline 3.9% Terrestrial Fi xe d Wireless 0.1% Other 0.5% Cable Modem 94.7% 10 Form 477 asks about five technology categories for the bundled Internet access connections, as specified in Figure 5. The “Other Wireline” component of the “DSL or Ot her Wireline” includes, for example, T -1 circuits and Ethernet over copper. “FTTP” is fiber to the premises. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 9 Switched access lines . Turning to the second wireline local telephone service technology, we note that ILECs as a group predominantly deliver retail switched access lines over copper local loops. This appears also to be the case for those non-ILECs who report retail switched access lines.11 See Figure 6. Figure 6 Technology of Retail Switched Access Lines as of December 31, 2008 (In T housands) Technology ILEC Non - ILEC Total FTTP 2,867 1,208 4,075 Coaxial Cable 99 2,702 2,801 Terrestrial Fixed Wireless 9 14 23 Other 114,999 19,076 134,075 Total 117,975 23,000 140,975 ILEC FTTP 2.4% Coaxial Cable 0.1% Other 97.5% Non-ILEC Coaxial Cable 11.7% FTTP 5.3% Other 82.9% Terrestrial Fi xe d Wireless 0.1% Wholesale relationships for switched access lines. W e discuss briefly the information that Form 477 collects about wholesale relationships between CLECs and ILECs. ILECs typically own the communications facilities over which they provide retail switched access lines to homes and businesses. 11 Form 477 filers have four choices for reporting the technology over which a retail switched access line terminates at the end user’s premises: FTTP, coaxial cable, fixed wireless, and (implicitly) the default category of copper local loop. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 10 By contrast, CLECs use a range of methods to provide retail switched access lines: equipping ILEC UNE loops (“ UNE -L” ) as CLEC switched access lines,12 reselling services (for example, reselling ILEC switched access lines obtained at wholesale rates, reselling ILEC lines obtained under commercial agreements that replaced the UNE -Platform (“UNE -P”), or equipping leased ILEC special access circuits as switched access lines), and equipping local loops that the CLEC owns. • At year-end 2008, CLECs reported using several methods to provide their 23 million retail switched access lines: 42% (or 9.6 million lines) over ILEC facilities that the CLEC leased at regulated, cost-based UNE rates, 31% (or about 7.1 million lines) by reselling ILEC wholesale or retail services, and the remaining 28% (or about 6.3 million lines) over local loops that the CLEC owned. However, the information about wholesale relationships differs as reported by CLECs and by ILECs. See Figure 7. Figure 7 Wholesale Relationships as Reported Respectively by CLECs and ILECs as of December 31, 2008 (I n Thousands) CLEC ILEC Difference Retail Switched Access Lines provisioned over ILEC Services Wholesale Switched Access Lines and UNEs provided to CLECs (reported by CLECs) (reported by ILECs) Resold ILEC services 1 7,065 3,209 3,856 UNE - P 2 1,983 2,740 (757) UNE - L3 7,615 3,844 3,771 Total ILEC UNEs 9,597 6,583 3,014 Total ILEC services 16,662 9,792 6,870 Revised 2/19/15. Figures may not add to totals due to rounding. 1 Resold ILEC services include switched access lines made available to CLECs at wholesale rates, resold Centrex, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), or other ILEC services, ILEC special access circuits channelized to provide CLEC retail switched access lines, and ILEC switched access lines provided to CLECs under commercial agreements that replaced UNE -P. (See note 2.) Filers are instructed to count the number of voice-grade channels the retail customer purchased, not the theoretical capacity of the circuit over which the service was delivered. ILECs generally do not know (and do not report) which leased ILEC special access circuits are being using to provide CLEC retail switched access lines (which the CLECs do report). 2 UNE -P was the combination of ILEC loop UNE, switching UNE, and transport UNE. The Commission directed CLECs to migrate their retail customers served by UNE -P to an alternative arrangement within 12 months of the effective date of the Triennial Regulatory Review Order, that is, by March 11, 2006. See C.F.R. § 51. 319(d)(2)(ii). 3 ILECs report the number of UNE -L they provide to CLECs but do not convert any high-capacity UNE -L, such as DS1 UNE loops, into voice-grade equivalents. By contrast, CLECs report the number of switched access lines their retail customers purchase which the CLEC provisioned over UNE -L obtained from ILECs. Note, however, that a CLEC might use UNE -L only to provide broadband Internet access connections. 12 CLECs (as opposed to non-ILECs more generally) have certain regulatory rights to obtain ILEC local loops at cost-based UNE rates, which the CLEC may use to provide retail switched access lines or retail broadband Internet access connections. See C.F.R. § 51.307. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 11 The reasons for the differences summarized in F igure 7 are not entirely clear. Inconsistent adherence to the Form 477 instructions, particular for reporting UNE -P, may be factor. It is also possible that CLECs acquired by ILECs are not uniformly following Form 477 instructions to report, as owned facilities, any affiliated-ILEC lines or UNEs that the CLEC used to provide its retail switched access lines. We will continue to work with Form 477 filers to clarify the reasons for the differences in reported information. Remainder of the report . The remainder of the report consi sts of tables and charts that update and expand data presented earlier in this series. We present national data first, followed by state-specific data and, finally, summary statistics of the presence of competitors to the incumbent wireline local telephone service providers in individual ZIP Codes. 13 * * * * We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved analysis of data presented in this report by using the attached customer response form or by e-mailing comments to IATDreports@fcc.gov for subject: Dec 2008 local telephone data. We encourage users of this information to provide suggestions for improved data collection by participating in any formal proceedings undertaken by the Commission to solicit comments for improvement of FCC Form 477. 13 In any individual ZIP Code, the competitors to ILECs may be CLECs or interconnected VoIP providers who are not affiliated with the ILEC, or ILECs, who serve end users in that ZIP Code. The information reported on Form 477 allows us to determine the number of competitors who have any end user customers (residential or business) in the ZIP Code. The competitors do not report the number or type of end user customers they have in individual ZIP Codes or where within the ZIP Code their customers are located. ILEC Non-ILEC Dec 1999 181,203 8,194 189,397 4.3 % Jun 2000 179,649 11,557 191,206 6.0 Dec 2000 177,561 14,871 192,432 7.7 Jun 2001 174,752 17,275 192,027 9.0 Dec 2001 171,917 19,653 191,571 10.3 Jun 2002 167,330 21,645 188,975 11.5 Dec 2002 164,386 24,864 189,250 13.1 Jun 2003 158,275 26,985 185,260 14.6 Dec 2003 153,158 29,775 182,933 16.3 Jun 2004 147,993 32,034 180,027 17.8 Dec 2004 144,810 32,881 177,691 18.5 Jun 2005 143,758 33,975 177,733 19.1 Dec 2005 143,773 31,388 175,161 17.9 Jun 2006 142,293 29,896 172,189 17.4 Dec 2006 138,834 28,626 167,460 17.1 Jun 2007 134,640 28,729 163,369 17.6 Dec 2007 129,693 28,725 158,418 18.1 Jun 2008 124,606 30,049 154,655 19.4 Dec 2008 118,503 43,726 162,230 27.0 Total Non-ILEC Share (In Millions) Table 1 End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions 1 End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions Chart 1 (In Thousands) 1 Only incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs) and competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs) with at least 10,000 retail or wholesale switched access lines in service in a state were required to report through December 2004. All were required to report June 2005 and later data. Providers of interconnected VoIP service were first required to report subscribers as of December 2008, and individual ILECs and CLECs, to a varying and largely unknown degree, included or excluded VoIP subscribers in the earlier data. Interconnected VoIP is distinguished from VoIP service more generally by permitting users to receive calls that originate on the public switched telephone network and to terminate calls to the public switched telephone network. See 47 C.F.R. § 9.3. Form 477 counts both switched access lines and interconnected VoIP subscriptions as the maximum number of calls that may be active, simultaneously, from the end user’s location under the purchased service plan. Provided by Date 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 ILEC Non-ILEC Non-ILEC 8.2 11.6 14.9 17.3 19.7 21.6 24.9 27.0 29.8 32.0 32.9 34.0 31.4 29.9 28.6 28.7 28.7 30.0 43.7 ILEC 181.2 179.6 177.6 174.8 171.9 167.3 164.4 158.3 153.2 148.0 144.8 143.8 143.8 142.3 138.8 134.6 129.7 124.6 118.5 Dec 1999 Jun 2000 Dec 2000 Jun 2001 Dec 2001 Jun 2002 Dec 2002 Jun 2003 Dec 2003 Jun 2004 Dec 2004 Jun 2005 Dec 2005 Jun 2006 Dec 2006 Jun 2007 Dec 2007 Jun 2008 Dec 2008 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 12 Dec 1999 139,694 41,508 77.1 % 3,369 4,826 41.1 % Jun 2000 140,566 39,083 78.2 4,580 6,978 39.6 Dec 2000 138,824 38,737 78.2 6,620 8,251 44.5 Jun 2001 134,531 40,221 77.0 7,793 9,482 45.1 Dec 2001 133,320 38,597 77.5 9,489 10,164 48.3 Jun 2002 130,937 36,393 78.3 11,081 10,564 51.2 Dec 2002 127,495 36,892 77.6 14,608 10,255 58.8 Jun 2003 122,574 35,701 77.4 16,771 10,215 62.1 Dec 2003 118,659 34,499 77.5 18,702 11,073 62.8 Jun 2004 114,533 33,460 77.4 20,872 11,162 65.2 Dec 2004 112,054 32,755 77.4 19,812 13,069 60.3 Jun 2005 95,316 48,442 66.3 16,338 17,637 48.1 Dec 2005 94,393 49,381 65.7 13,873 17,515 44.2 Jun 2006 92,453 49,840 65.0 12,474 17,422 41.7 Dec 2006 89,167 49,667 64.2 12,211 16,415 42.7 Jun 2007 85,633 49,007 63.6 12,117 16,612 42.2 Dec 2007 81,798 47,894 63.1 12,051 16,675 42.0 Jun 2008 77,457 47,149 62.2 12,396 17,654 41.3 Dec 2008 72,785 45,718 61.4 24,634 19,092 56.3 Table 2 End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by Customer Type 1 Reporting Non-ILECsReporting ILECs Date (In Thousands) Business Residential % Residential Residential Percent of Lines and VoIP Subscriptions that Serve Residential Customers 1 Chart 2 % ResidentialBusiness 1 In 2004, the Commission modified instructions for reporting lines serving small businesses. They were counted with residential lines through December 2004 and with business lines thereafter. This change caused a one-time drop in the percentages of ILEC and CLEC lines reported as residential. The December 2008 data are the first for which comprehensive reporting of interconnected VoIP subscribers was required. See footnote 1, Table 1. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% ILECs Non-ILECs ILECs 77.1% 78.2% 78.2% 77.0% 77.5% 78.3% 77.6% 77.4% 77.5% 77.4% 77.4% 66.3% 65.7% 65.0% 64.2% 63.6% 63.1% 62.2% 61.4% Non-ILECs 41.1% 39.6% 44.5% 45.1% 48.3% 51.2% 58.8% 62.1% 62.8% 65.2% 60.3% 48.1% 44.2% 41.7% 42.7% 42.2% 42.0% 41.3% 56.3% Dec 1999 Jun 2000 Dec 2000 Jun 2001 Dec 2001 Jun 2002 Dec 2002 Jun 2003 Dec 2003 Jun 2004 Dec 2004 Jun 2005 Dec 2005 Jun 2006 Dec 2006 Jun 2007 Dec 2007 Jun 2008 Dec 2008 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 13 81 8,194 3,513 1,959 2,723 - 42.9% 23.9% 33.2% - 78 11,557 4,315 3,201 4,042 - 37.3 27.7 35.0 - 89 14,871 4,114 5,540 5,217 - 27.7 37.3 35.1 - 91 17,275 3,919 7,580 5,776 - 22.7 43.9 33.4 - 94 19,653 4,250 9,332 6,072 - 21.6 47.5 30.9 - 96 21,645 4,478 10,930 6,236 - 20.7 50.5 28.8 - 112 24,864 4,677 13,709 6,479 - 18.8 55.1 26.1 - 125 26,985 4,887 15,728 6,370 - 18.1 58.3 23.6 - 136 29,775 4,842 17,888 7,045 - 16.3 60.1 23.7 - 137 32,034 4,927 19,624 7,483 - 15.4 61.3 23.4 - 149 32,881 5,417 18,961 8,503 - 16.5 57.7 25.9 - 326 33,975 5,826 19,025 9,124 - 17.1 56.0 26.9 - 382 31,388 6,704 14,521 10,163 - 21.4 46.3 32.4 - 400 29,896 6,548 12,547 10,802 - 21.9 42.0 36.1 - 397 28,626 5,819 11,663 11,144 - 20.3 40.7 38.9 - 406 28,729 6,193 11,511 11,025 - 21.6 40.1 38.4 - 443 28,725 6,430 10,582 11,713 - 22.4 36.8 40.8 - 469 30,049 6,073 10,884 13,093 - 20.2 36.2 43.6 - 701 43,726 7,065 9,597 6,338 20,726 16.2 21.9 14.5 47.4% 3 Lines provided over CLEC-owned "last-mile" facilities. 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. 2 Includes unbundled network element (UNE) loops leased from an unaffiliated ILEC on a stand-alone basis and also UNE loops leased in combination with UNE switching or any other unbundled network element. Dec 2007 Jun 2002 Jun 2003 Jun 2007 Dec 2006 Jun 2005 Dec 2005 Jun 2006 End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions Dec 2003 Dec 2004 Jun 2004 Dec 1999 Jun 2000 Dec 2002 Dec 2000 Jun 2001 Dec 2001 ILEC UNEs 2 Table 3 End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscri ptions Re ported b y Non-ILECs 1 (Lines and Subscriptions in Thousands) Acquired from other LECs Percent CLEC- owned local loops 3 End-User Switched Access Lines Date Reporting Non- ILECs VoIP Chart 3 Non-ILEC End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions Dec 2008 VoIP Jun 2008 Resold LEC service ILEC UNEs CLEC- owned local loops Resold LEC service VoIP 47.4% ILEC UNEs 21.9% CLEC-owned local loops 14.4% Resold LEC service 16.2% U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 14 Dec 1999 168 187,190 181,203 - 4,494 1,004 489 1,493 5,987 3.2 % Jun 2000 159 188,058 179,679 - 5,098 1,696 1,616 3,312 8,409 4.5 Dec 2000 166 188,223 177,561 - 5,388 2,436 2,838 5,274 10,662 5.7 Jun 2001 156 187,092 174,752 - 4,417 3,161 4,761 7,922 12,340 6.6 Dec 2001 164 185,391 171,917 - 4,014 3,679 5,781 9,460 13,474 7.3 Jun 2002 166 182,345 167,330 - 3,475 4,061 7,478 11,540 15,015 8.2 Dec 2002 174 181,616 164,386 - 2,743 4,259 10,227 14,487 17,229 9.5 Jun 2003 181 177,770 158,275 - 2,232 4,227 13,036 17,263 19,495 11.0 Dec 2003 185 174,453 153,158 - 1,833 4,287 15,176 19,463 21,296 12.2 Jun 2004 185 171,050 147,993 - 1,600 4,322 17,136 21,458 23,057 13.5 Dec 2004 190 167,063 144,810 - 1,490 4,217 16,546 20,763 22,253 13.3 Jun 2005 757 164,449 143,758 - 1,796 4,300 14,596 18,895 20,691 12.6 Dec 2005 807 160,881 143,773 - 1,793 4,469 10,846 15,315 17,108 10.6 Jun 2006 805 156,872 142,293 - 1,723 4,413 8,443 12,856 14,579 9.3 Dec 2006 814 151,958 138,834 - 1,613 4,408 7,103 11,511 13,124 8.6 Jun 2007 816 146,672 134,640 - 1,517 4,285 6,230 10,515 12,032 8.2 Dec 2007 805 140,808 129,693 - 1,460 4,122 5,534 9,655 11,115 7.9 Jun 2008 800 134,846 124,606 - 1,473 3,827 4,941 8,768 10,241 7.6 Dec 2008 780 128,295 117,975 529 3,209 3,844 2,740 6,583 9,792 7.6 ILEC Total Lines and the Percent Provided to CLECs Table 4 ILEC End-User (Retail) and Wholesale Switched Access Lines, VoIP Subscriptions, and UNEs 1 (Lines, Subscriptions, and UNEs in Thousands) UNEs Date End-User Switched Access Lines Reporting ILECs 2 % of Total Lines Switched Access Lines and UNEs Provided to CLECs 3 This figure is the sum of ILEC-reported end-user (retail) switched access lines, ILEC interconnected VoIP subscriptions, and ILEC wholesale switched access lines and UNEs provided to CLECs. 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. Figures may not add to totals due to rounding. Chart 4 VoIP Total UNEs & Resold Lines Resold Lines With Switching Total UNEs 2 Fewer ILECs were counted for year-end 2008 than year-end 2007 primarily because FCC staff identified additional common-control relationships among filers. ILEC Total Lines3 Without Switching 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 200,000 Dec 1999 Jun 2000 Dec 2000 Jun 2001 Dec 2001 Jun 2002 Dec 2002 Jun 2003 Dec 2003 Jun 2004 Dec 2004 Jun 2005 Dec 2005 Jun 2006 Dec 2006 Jun 2007 Dec 2007 Jun 2008 Dec 2008 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% ILEC Total Lines Percent Provided to CLECs U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 15 Table 5 End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by Typ e of Technology for Non-ILEC Providers 1 (In Thousands) Date Coaxial Cable 2 Other Technology Total Dec 1999 308 7,886 8,194 3.8 % Jun 2000 614 10,943 11,557 5.3 Dec 2000 1,125 13,746 14,871 7.6 Jun 2001 1,876 15,399 17,275 10.9 Dec 2001 2,246 17,408 19,653 11.4 Jun 2002 2,597 19,048 21,645 12.0 Dec 2002 3,071 21,793 24,864 12.4 Jun 2003 3,123 23,863 26,985 11.6 Dec 2003 3,301 26,474 29,775 11.1 Jun 2004 3,338 28,696 32,034 10.4 Dec 2004 3,706 29,175 32,881 11.3 Jun 2005 4,571 29,404 33,975 13.5 Dec 2005 5,100 26,287 31,388 16.2 Jun 2006 6,070 23,826 29,896 20.3 Dec 2006 6,751 21,875 28,626 23.6 Jun 2007 7,730 21,000 28,729 26.9 Dec 2007 8,385 20,340 28,725 29.2 Jun 2008 9,352 20,697 30,049 31.1 Dec 2008 20,094 23,632 43,726 46.0 (In Thousands) 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. 2 This figure includes reported end-user switched access lines and interconnected VoIP connections that terminate on coaxial cable at the end user's premises. Form 477 collects information about the end-user switched access lines that terminate on coaxial cable and (starting, systematically, with the December 2008 data) the interconnected VoIP subscriptions that are sold in a bundle with cable modem Internet access service. FCC staff used other Form 477 data to estimate the number of standalone VoIP subscriptions that terminated on coaxial cable at the end user's premises in December 2008. Percent Coaxial Cable End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by Type of Technology for Non-ILEC Providers Chart 5 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 Dec 1999 Jun 2000 Dec 2000 Jun 2001 Dec 2001 Jun 2002 Dec 2002 Jun 2003 Dec 2003 Jun 2004 Dec 2004 Jun 2005 Dec 2005 Jun 2006 Dec 2006 Jun 2007 Dec 2007 Jun 2008 Dec 2008 Coaxial Cable Other Technology U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 16 Table 6 Percentage of Switched Access Lines Presubscribed for Long Distance Service RBOC Other ILEC ILEC Total CLEC Total Residential Jun 2005 52% 49% 51% 80% 56% Dec 2005 56 57 56 88 60 Jun 2006 59 58 59 85 62 Dec 2006 66 60 65 86 68 Jun 2007 66 61 65 86 68 Dec 2007 66 63 65 87 68 Jun 2008 66 64 66 88 69 Dec 2008 69 65 68 80 69 Business Jun 2005 45 30 43 69 50 Dec 2005 34 39 34 71 44 Jun 2006 38 37 38 69 46 Dec 2006 47 39 46 68 51 Jun 2007 49 42 48 72 54 Dec 2007 50 43 49 70 54 Jun 2008 49 44 49 72 55 Dec 2008 44 47 44 70 51 Total Jun 2005 50 44 49 74 54 Dec 2005 48 52 49 79 54 Jun 2006 51 52 51 76 56 Dec 2006 59 54 58 76 61 Jun 2007 59 56 59 78 62 Dec 2007 60 57 59 77 63 Jun 2008 60 58 59 79 63 Dec 2008 59 60 59 73 61 Chart 6 Percent Presubscribed Interstate Long Distance Lines for ILECs RBOC is an acronym for Regional Bell Operating Company. They currently are AT&T, Qwest, and Verizon. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Jun 2005 Dec 2005 Jun 2006 Dec 2006 Jun 2007 Dec 2007 Jun 2008 Dec 2008 Residential Business U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 17 Table 7 Residential and Business Presubscribed Switched Access Lines RBOC Other ILEC ILEC Total CLEC Total Residential Presubscribed 39,696 9,864 49,560 4,527 54,088 Not Presubscribed 17,635 5,335 22,971 1,116 24,086 All Lines 57,331 15,200 72,531 5,643 78,174 Percent Presubscribed 69% 65% 68% 80% 69% Business Presubscribed 17,021 3,007 20,028 12,229 32,257 Not Presubscribed 22,041 3,375 25,416 5,129 30,544 All Lines 39,061 6,382 45,444 17,357 62,801 Percent Presubscribed 44% 47% 44% 70% 51% Total Presubscribed 56,717 12,872 69,588 16,756 86,345 Not Presubscribed 39,676 8,710 48,386 6,244 54,630 All Lines 96,392 21,582 117,975 23,000 140,975 Percent Presubscribed 59% 60% 59% 73% 61% RBOC Other ILEC ILEC Total CLEC Total Residential Presubscribed 40,690 10,236 50,926 10,944 61,870 Not Presubscribed 20,847 5,684 26,531 1,451 27,983 All Lines 61,537 15,920 77,457 12,396 89,853 Percent Presubscribed 66% 64% 66% 88% 69% Business Presubscribed 20,077 2,893 22,970 12,698 35,668 Not Presubscribed 20,508 3,671 24,178 4,956 27,983 All Lines 40,585 6,564 47,149 17,654 64,802 Percent Presubscribed 49% 44% 49% 72% 55% Total Presubscribed 60,767 13,129 73,896 23,642 97,538 Not Presubscribed 41,355 9,355 50,709 6,407 57,117 All Lines 102,122 22,484 124,606 30,049 154,655 Percent Presubscribed 60% 58% 59% 79% 63% Figures may not add to totals due to rounding. (In Thousands) December 31, 2008 June 30, 2008 RBOC is an acronym for Regional Bell Operating Company. They currently are AT&T, Qwest, and Verizon. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 18 Alabama 1,745 # # 1,746 307 57 95 460 2,205 21% Alaska 289 0 0 289 * 1 * * * * American Samoa 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 10 0 Arizona 1,847 # # 1,847 956 73 175 1,204 3,051 39 Arkansas 1,018 # 3 1,021 143 19 61 223 1,245 18 California 16,274 6 66 16,345 2,464 413 1,659 4,536 20,882 22 Colorado 1,873 0 0 1,873 430 88 320 838 2,711 31 Connecticut 1,515 1 24 1,540 247 45 333 625 2,165 29 Delaware 379 # 1 380 79 * * 164 544 30 District of Columbia 733 # 4 737 131 12 38 182 919 20 Florida 7,395 4 40 7,440 1,179 385 1,125 2,690 10,130 27 Georgia 3,465 2 2 3,468 622 158 376 1,157 4,626 25 Guam 54 0 0 54 * * * * * * Hawaii 512 # 0 512 40 * * 114 626 18 Idaho 581 # # 582 81 10 30 122 703 17 Illinois 5,282 2 58 5,342 738 246 662 1,646 6,989 24 Indiana 2,524 1 22 2,547 266 73 219 559 3,106 18 Iowa 1,113 # # 1,113 198 97 13 307 1,421 22 Kansas 933 # 6 939 264 25 128 417 1,356 31 Kentucky 1,458 # # 1,458 292 25 176 493 1,951 25 Louisiana 1,634 # # 1,634 289 41 158 488 2,122 23 Maine 539 # 2 542 108 * * 211 753 28 Maryland 2,581 1 7 2,588 462 88 304 854 3,443 25 Massachusetts 2,477 1 15 2,493 794 134 661 1,590 4,084 39 Michigan 3,444 2 67 3,512 607 177 658 1,442 4,954 29 Minnesota 1,922 0 # 1,922 554 84 234 873 2,794 31 Mississippi 963 # # 963 111 21 49 182 1,145 16 Missouri 2,463 1 2 2,465 256 62 196 514 2,980 17 Montana 387 0 0 387 46 7 47 101 488 21 Nebraska 584 # # 584 250 10 38 298 882 34 Nevada 970 # 2 972 188 54 172 414 1,386 30 New Hampshire 469 0 1 470 172 33 137 343 813 42 New Jersey 3,715 1 25 3,741 784 118 1,015 1,917 5,658 34 New Mexico 754 # # 754 72 14 35 121 875 14 New York 6,534 2 20 6,557 2,063 191 2,257 4,511 11,068 41 North Carolina 3,511 3 5 3,519 463 106 516 1,084 4,603 24 North Dakota 241 0 0 241 79 * * 113 354 32 Northern Mariana Isl. 17 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 17 0 Ohio 4,291 1 34 4,326 644 74 745 1,463 5,790 25 Oklahoma 1,210 # 6 1,216 318 39 162 519 1,736 30 Oregon 1,284 # 1 1,286 301 49 221 571 1,856 31 Pennsylvania 5,233 1 9 5,243 1,326 194 667 2,186 7,430 29 Puerto Rico 755 0 0 755 121 8 81 210 965 22 Rhode Island 292 # # 292 259 * * 316 608 52 South Carolina 1,625 # 4 1,629 243 50 179 472 2,101 22 South Dakota 251 0 0 251 98 * * 140 391 36 Tennessee 2,296 1 # 2,297 426 69 255 751 3,048 25 Texas 8,634 5 34 8,673 1,242 200 908 2,350 11,022 21 Utah 776 0 0 776 134 32 103 269 1,046 26 Vermont 289 0 # 289 54 * * 88 378 23 Virgin Islands 61 0 0 61 0 * * * * * Virginia 3,254 1 9 3,265 1,015 122 290 1,427 4,692 30 Washington 2,363 # 3 2,367 444 105 471 1,020 3,386 30 West Virginia 714 # 1 714 121 16 58 195 909 21 Wisconsin 2,231 # 15 2,246 372 54 340 765 3,012 25 Wyoming 209 # # 209 15 6 33 54 263 20 Nationwide 117,975 38 491 118,503 23,000 3,957 16,769 43,726 162,230 27 Stand- alone Table 8 Total End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State as of December 31, 2008 (In Thousands) Non-ILEC % of Total State Total Total Total Switched Access Lines Stand- alone VoIP purchased as ILECs Non-ILECs VoIP purchased as # = Rounds to zero. * Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. Bundled with Internet Bundled with Internet Switched Access Lines U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 19 Alabama 1,174 # # 1,174 102 55 90 247 1,422 17% Alaska 147 0 0 147 * 1 * * * * American Samoa 5 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 Arizon a 1,133 # 0 1,133 538 63 144 746 1,879 40 Arkansas 661 # 3 665 28 17 54 99 763 13 California 9,378 6 29 9,412 796 355 1,339 2,490 11,902 21 Colorado 1,209 0 0 1,209 27 76 279 382 1,591 24 Connecticut 917 1 23 940 64 41 317 421 1,361 31 Delaware 230 # 0 231 13 * * 95 326 29 District of Columbia 168 # 0 168 19 10 22 50 218 23 Florida 4,680 4 0 4,684 115 346 1,049 1,510 6,195 24 Georgia 2,060 2 0 2,062 112 146 346 603 2,665 23 Guam 31 0 0 31 * * * * * * Hawaii 293 0 0 293 0 * * 73 366 20 Idaho 380 # # 380 21 9 26 56 437 13 Illinois 2,957 2 24 2,983 114 230 600 944 3,927 24 Indiana 1,616 1 16 1,633 72 70 207 348 1,981 18 Iowa 775 # # 775 94 96 1 191 966 20 Kansas 542 # 6 548 120 22 119 261 808 32 Kentuck y 933 # 0 934 153 23 171 347 1,281 27 Louisiana 1,005 # 0 1,005 106 39 145 291 1,296 22 Maine 400 # 2 402 13 * * 115 517 22 Maryland 1,484 1 0 1,485 125 80 289 493 1,978 25 Massachusetts 1,440 1 0 1,441 96 126 627 848 2,289 37 Michigan 1,938 2 58 1,997 222 163 632 1,017 3,014 34 Minnesota 1,341 0 # 1,341 121 79 198 397 1,738 23 Mississippi 605 # 0 605 37 19 45 101 707 14 Missouri 1,603 1 # 1,604 47 59 172 278 1,882 15 Montana 250 0 0 250 16 7 43 66 317 21 Nebraska 334 # # 334 126 9 32 167 502 33 Nevada 575 # 1 576 16 50 158 224 800 28 New Hampshire 331 0 0 331 7 30 133 171 501 34 New Jersey 2,135 1 0 2,136 149 105 961 1,215 3,352 36 New Mexico 507 # # 507 12 13 27 52 559 9 New York 3,876 2 0 3,878 381 159 2,122 2,661 6,539 41 North Carolina 2,266 3 0 2,269 40 97 497 635 2,903 22 North Dakota 161 0 0 161 46 * * 76 237 32 Northern Mariana Isl. 8 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 8 0 Ohio 2,740 1 22 2,764 194 62 720 975 3,739 26 Oklahoma 767 # 6 773 162 36 152 350 1,123 31 Oregon 886 # 0 886 20 45 200 265 1,151 23 Pennsylvania 3,568 1 0 3,569 196 174 622 992 4,561 22 Puerto Rico 589 0 0 589 2 7 74 84 673 12 Rhode Island 184 # 0 184 135 * * 188 372 51 South Carolina 1,079 # 0 1,079 52 45 174 271 1,350 20 South Dakota 158 0 0 158 63 * * 99 257 38 Tennessee 1,528 1 0 1,528 58 65 237 360 1,888 19 Texas 5,258 5 16 5,279 201 175 844 1,220 6,499 19 Utah 502 0 0 502 27 29 90 146 648 23 Vermon t 207 0 0 207 7 * * 40 246 16 Virgin Islands 41 0 0 41 0 * * * * * Virginia 1,886 1 0 1,887 329 110 266 705 2,592 27 Washington 1,570 # 0 1,570 46 98 441 585 2,155 27 West Virginia 548 # 0 548 14 14 56 84 633 13 Wisconsin 1,356 # 12 1,369 101 50 316 467 1,836 25 Wyoming 113 0 # 113 6 6 31 42 156 27 Nationwide 72,531 36 218 72,785 5,643 3,572 15,419 24,634 97,419 25 # = Rounds to zero. * Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. Table 9 Residential End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State as of December 31, 2008 (In Thousands) State ILECs Total Non-ILEC % of Total Switched Access Lines VoIP purchased as Total Switched Access Lines VoIP purchased as TotalStand- alone Bundled with Internet Stand- alone Bundled with Internet Non-ILECs U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 20 Alabama 571 # # 571 205 2 5 212 784 27% Alaska 142 0 0 142 0 # 0 0 0 * American Samoa 5 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 Arizon a 714 # # 714 417 10 31 458 1,172 39 Arkansas 357 0 # 357 115 2 8 125 481 26 California 6,896 # 37 6,933 1,668 58 321 2,047 8,980 23 Colorado 664 0 0 664 404 11 41 455 1,120 41 Connecticut 599 # 1 600 183 4 16 203 803 25 Delaware 149 # 1 149 66 0 0 69 218 31 District of Columbia 565 # 4 569 112 3 16 132 701 19 Florida 2,715 # 40 2,756 1,064 39 76 1,179 3,935 30 Georgia 1,404 # 2 1,406 511 13 31 554 1,960 28 Guam 23 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 * Hawaii 218 # 0 219 40 0 0 41 259 16 Idaho 201 # # 201 61 1 4 65 267 25 Illinois 2,325 # 34 2,359 624 16 62 702 3,061 23 Indiana 908 # 6 914 194 4 13 211 1,125 19 Iowa 338 # # 339 104 1 12 117 455 26 Kansas 391 # # 391 144 4 9 157 548 29 Kentuck y 524 # # 524 138 2 5 146 670 22 Louisiana 629 # # 629 183 2 12 197 826 24 Maine 139 # 1 140 95 0 0 96 236 41 Maryland 1,096 # 7 1,103 337 8 16 361 1,464 25 Massachusetts 1,037 # 15 1,052 699 9 35 742 1,795 41 Michigan 1,506 # 9 1,515 384 14 26 425 1,940 22 Minnesota 581 0 # 581 433 5 37 475 1,056 45 Mississippi 358 0 # 358 75 2 4 80 438 18 Missouri 860 # 2 861 209 3 24 236 1,098 22 Montana 136 0 0 136 30 # 4 35 171 20 Nebraska 250 0 # 250 124 1 6 131 381 34 Nevada 396 # # 396 172 4 14 190 586 32 New Hampshire 139 0 1 140 165 3 5 172 312 55 New Jersey 1,580 # 25 1,605 635 13 53 702 2,307 30 New Mexico 247 # # 247 60 1 8 69 316 22 New York 2,658 # 20 2,679 1,683 32 135 1,850 4,529 41 North Carolina 1,246 # 5 1,251 422 9 18 450 1,700 26 North Dakota 80 0 0 80 34 0 0 37 117 32 Northern Mariana Isl. 9 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 9 0 Ohio 1,551 # 12 1,563 450 12 25 488 2,051 24 Oklahoma 443 0 # 443 156 3 10 170 613 28 Oregon 398 # 1 399 281 4 21 306 705 43 Pennsylvania 1,665 # 9 1,674 1,130 20 45 1,195 2,869 42 Puerto Rico 166 0 0 166 119 1 6 126 292 43 Rhode Island 108 # # 108 124 0 0 128 237 54 South Carolina 546 # 4 550 191 5 5 201 751 27 South Dakota 93 0 0 93 35 0 0 41 134 31 Tennessee 769 # # 769 368 5 18 391 1,160 34 Texas 3,376 # 18 3,394 1,041 25 64 1,130 4,523 25 Utah 275 0 0 275 108 3 13 123 398 31 Vermon t 82 0 # 83 47 0 0 49 131 37 Virgin Islands 20 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 * Virginia 1,368 # 9 1,378 686 12 24 722 2,100 34 Washington 793 # 3 796 398 7 30 435 1,231 35 West Virginia 166 # 1 166 106 2 2 110 277 40 Wisconsin 874 # 3 877 270 4 24 298 1,175 25 Wyoming 95 # # 96 10 # 2 11 107 11 Nationwide 45,444 2 272 45,718 17,357 385 1,350 19,092 64,810 29 # = Rounds to zero. * Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. Table 10 Business End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State as of December 31, 2008 (In Thousands) State ILECs Total Non-ILEC % of Total Switched Access Lines VoIP purchased as Total Switched Access Lines VoIP purchased as TotalStand- alone Bundled with Internet Stand- alone Bundled with Internet Non-ILECs U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 21 Alabama 16 % 15 % 16 % 13 % 13 % 14 % 16 % 21 % Alaska * * 26 * * * * * American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Arizona 27 30 30 32 33 34 37 39 Arkansas 13 11 12 13 14 14 14 18 California 18 13 13 14 14 14 15 22 Colorado 17 20 19 17 17 16 19 31 Connecticut 14 11 12 12 13 14 15 29 Delaware 20 20 18 18 19 17 18 30 District of Columbia 20 17 14 14 14 14 15 20 Florida 16 17 15 13 13 13 14 27 Georgia 21 18 19 14 16 16 17 25 Guam NA 0 0 0 0 * * * Hawaii 6 7 9 11 13 16 18 18 Idaho 10 10 11 10 11 11 11 17 Illinois 20 15 15 15 14 14 14 24 Indiana 14 10 10 10 9 9 11 18 Iowa 14 14 15 16 17 18 19 22 Kansas 25 21 24 23 25 26 28 31 Kentucky 14 15 16 15 16 19 18 25 Louisiana 19 17 18 16 17 18 21 23 Maine 20 20 16 16 17 20 24 28 Maryland 18 18 16 15 15 14 15 25 Massachusetts 25 25 24 24 23 24 25 39 Michigan 25 19 18 17 18 19 20 29 Minnesota 21 24 23 22 24 23 22 31 Mississippi 14 12 13 10 10 10 11 16 Missouri 14 11 13 13 14 14 15 17 Montana 8 10 12 14 16 18 19 21 Nebraska 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 34 Nevada 13 13 17 15 24 22 26 30 New Hampshire 25 25 24 23 23 23 25 42 New Jersey 22 21 17 18 17 17 18 34 New Mexico 8 7 8 8 8 8 9 14 New York 30 31 27 27 28 29 31 41 North Carolina 13 15 16 16 18 19 20 24 North Dakota 20 19 20 21 21 22 24 32 Northern Mariana Isl. NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ohio 15 15 15 16 18 20 23 25 Oklahoma 18 18 20 21 23 25 27 30 Oregon 13 19 16 17 18 18 18 31 Pennsylvania 23 23 20 19 20 20 21 29 Puerto Rico * * * * * * 1 9 22 Rhode Island 40 42 43 46 47 48 50 52 South Carolina 13 13 15 14 16 17 19 22 South Dakota 30 33 33 30 30 31 32 36 Tennessee 16 17 18 15 16 17 18 25 Texas 19 16 16 17 16 17 18 21 Utah 23 22 24 21 22 20 21 26 Vermont 14 12 12 12 12 12 13 23 Virgin Islands * * * 0 0 0 0 * Virginia 21 22 21 22 22 23 23 30 Washington 14 14 14 14 15 14 16 30 West Virginia 12 12 12 13 13 14 16 21 Wisconsin 19 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 Wyoming 11 12 14 15 17 18 19 20 Nationwide 19 % 18 % 17 % 17 % 18 % 18 % 19 % 27 % * Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. NA is an abbreviation for not available. Dec 2007 DecDec 20062005 Table 11 Jun JunJunDec Non-ILEC Share of Total End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State 1 JunState 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. 2008 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 22 Jun Dec Jun Dec Jun Dec Jun Dec Alabama 394 359 366 301 298 315 352 460 Alaska * * 116 * * * * * American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Arizona 865 979 970 1,018 1,043 1,071 1,129 1,204 Arkansas 182 152 163 166 178 173 175 223 California 4,030 3,023 2,900 3,046 2,898 2,984 3,101 4,536 Colorado 497 591 529 452 425 395 449 838 Connecticut 316 251 262 261 261 265 291 625 Delaware 122 118 102 100 99 85 85 164 District of Columbia 223 173 145 144 137 131 136 182 Florida 1,745 1,869 1,618 1,340 1,298 1,265 1,276 2,690 Georgia 1,032 886 909 655 730 725 764 1,157 Guam 0 0 0 0 0 * * * Hawaii 38 49 61 74 88 103 115 114 Idaho 77 76 81 76 78 75 79 122 Illinois 1,602 1,136 1,139 1,075 950 909 875 1,646 Indiana 493 360 338 335 293 284 313 559 Iowa 216 222 230 238 251 269 273 307 Kansas 362 301 347 327 349 358 375 417 Kentucky 302 306 337 313 328 371 331 493 Louisiana 460 365 394 358 363 383 449 488 Maine 169 164 135 123 135 150 181 211 Maryland 717 691 591 552 527 475 479 854 Massachusetts 1,089 1,037 979 928 865 844 871 1,590 Michigan 1,483 1,049 993 883 923 893 927 1,442 Minnesota 643 724 676 641 659 613 572 873 Mississippi 175 156 161 125 125 112 122 182 Missouri 452 369 426 403 436 448 471 514 Montana 43 52 62 72 82 93 96 101 Nebraska 228 237 244 249 258 265 274 298 Nevada 185 182 246 219 356 307 372 414 New Hampshire 218 209 196 182 171 165 167 343 New Jersey 1,389 1,283 994 977 897 859 866 1,917 New Mexico 76 65 77 75 77 73 75 121 New York 3,575 3,553 3,043 2,942 2,868 2,941 3,125 4,511 North Carolina 627 749 798 768 846 888 953 1,084 North Dakota 69 67 68 70 71 71 76 113 Northern Mariana Isl. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ohio 981 953 963 962 1,069 1,171 1,365 1,463 Oklahoma 329 329 362 387 420 445 474 519 Oregon 260 375 306 318 325 308 300 571 Pennsylvania 1,878 1,892 1,572 1,437 1,521 1,407 1,423 2,186 Puerto Rico * * * * * * 186 210 Rhode Island 267 265 276 287 291 290 301 316 South Carolina 290 292 330 321 349 369 399 472 South Dakota 128 136 135 119 117 119 124 140 Tennessee 538 543 576 465 483 510 523 751 Texas 2,332 1,884 1,906 1,969 1,859 1,944 1,919 2,350 Utah 281 260 282 245 242 212 211 269 Vermont 61 51 49 48 47 47 47 88 Virgin Islands * * * 0 0 0 0 * Virginia 1,058 1,110 1,047 1,032 1,048 1,034 1,043 1,427 Washington 505 514 506 479 480 428 471 1,020 West Virginia 118 118 117 119 121 132 141 195 Wisconsin 645 588 612 653 684 709 744 765 Wyoming 30 34 39 44 46 48 51 54 Total 33,975 31,388 29,896 28,626 28,729 28,725 30,049 43,726 # = Rounds to zero; * = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. Table 12 Non-ILEC Total End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State 1 (In Thousands) 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. 2006 2008State 20072005 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 23 2005 Jun Dec Jun Dec Jun Dec Jun Dec Alabama 2,024 2,024 1,979 2,016 1,982 1,991 1,861 1,746 Alaska 328 326 325 321 318 301 294 289 American Samoa 11 11 11 11 11 10 11 10 Arizon a 2,326 2,295 2,227 2,175 2,109 2,035 1,943 1,847 Arkansas 1,216 1,215 1,193 1,164 1,132 1,105 1,069 1,021 California 18,945 19,631 19,479 18,926 18,485 17,864 17,149 16,345 Colorado 2,371 2,338 2,276 2,207 2,133 2,057 1,973 1,873 Connecticut 1,985 1,962 1,928 1,849 1,785 1,681 1,632 1,540 Delaware 479 467 468 450 432 414 396 380 District of Columbia 894 872 892 855 832 797 788 737 Florida 9,345 9,210 9,013 8,975 8,708 8,356 7,932 7,440 Georgia 3,972 3,970 3,844 4,045 3,957 3,824 3,675 3,468 Guam 0 67 68 68 67 66 62 54 Hawaii 644 627 608 584 562 541 516 512 Idaho 682 672 666 664 651 628 609 582 Illinois 6,214 6,497 6,354 6,154 5,976 5,773 5,562 5,342 Indiana 3,070 3,112 3,080 2,971 2,875 2,766 2,665 2,547 Iowa 1,356 1,325 1,302 1,273 1,245 1,200 1,162 1,113 Kansas 1,110 1,123 1,100 1,074 1,046 1,012 977 939 Kentuck y 1,792 1,768 1,732 1,725 1,684 1,616 1,542 1,458 Louisiana 1,954 1,832 1,800 1,825 1,801 1,759 1,710 1,634 Maine 688 664 692 669 649 611 579 542 Maryland 3,173 3,097 3,166 3,079 2,984 2,886 2,792 2,588 Massachusetts 3,246 3,102 3,076 2,927 2,830 2,712 2,609 2,493 Michigan 4,411 4,609 4,491 4,303 4,118 3,895 3,719 3,512 Minnesota 2,385 2,319 2,273 2,210 2,137 2,078 2,006 1,922 Mississippi 1,117 1,114 1,089 1,108 1,091 1,035 1,018 963 Missouri 2,892 2,907 2,842 2,778 2,722 2,650 2,568 2,465 Montana 487 473 460 445 435 416 406 387 Nebraska 692 681 661 644 628 624 606 584 Nevada 1,252 1,246 1,233 1,200 1,158 1,106 1,042 972 New Hampshire 646 624 624 598 575 546 507 470 New Jersey 4,847 4,715 4,784 4,543 4,354 4,137 3,936 3,741 New Mexico 902 893 877 860 834 816 783 754 New York 8,292 8,020 8,297 7,900 7,417 7,068 6,902 6,557 North Carolina 4,239 4,142 4,060 4,067 3,973 3,847 3,715 3,519 North Dakota 280 279 272 267 261 253 248 241 Northern Mariana Isl. 0 23 21 21 19 18 18 17 Ohio 5,505 5,575 5,368 5,168 4,973 4,763 4,537 4,326 Oklahoma 1,535 1,521 1,470 1,425 1,375 1,321 1,267 1,216 Oregon 1,673 1,643 1,627 1,562 1,502 1,429 1,359 1,286 Pennsylvania 6,400 6,300 6,385 6,175 5,953 5,775 5,494 5,243 Puerto Rico 1,048 1,021 1,035 994 916 809 786 755 Rhode Island 394 369 363 340 327 312 302 292 South Carolina 1,895 1,939 1,908 1,909 1,866 1,798 1,728 1,629 South Dakota 297 279 280 278 276 268 261 251 Tennessee 2,727 2,718 2,676 2,695 2,618 2,537 2,436 2,297 Texas 9,730 10,036 9,958 9,738 9,608 9,329 9,020 8,673 Utah 917 924 915 894 864 844 811 776 Vermon t 370 364 370 362 355 340 323 289 Virgin Islands 70 70 69 68 67 64 62 61 Virginia 3,925 3,834 3,844 3,734 3,642 3,540 3,422 3,265 Washington 3,137 3,063 2,994 2,868 2,762 2,643 2,509 2,367 West Virginia 891 876 852 828 806 780 752 714 Wisconsin 2,725 2,739 2,670 2,605 2,516 2,422 2,336 2,246 Wyoming 249 252 245 238 233 225 218 209 Total 143,758 143,773 142,293 138,834 134,640 129,693 124,606 118,503 Table 13 ILEC Total End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions by State 1 (In Thousands) 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. State 2006 2007 2008 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 24 Table 14 Non-ILEC Methods of Providing Wireline Telephone Services by State as of December 31, 2008 State Resold LEC service ILEC UNEs CLEC-owned local loops VoIP Subscriptions 1 Total Alabama 74 154 80 152 460 Alaska * * * * * American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 Arizona 155 168 633 248 1,204 Arkansas 14 51 78 81 223 California 841 839 790 2,072 4,536 Colorado 146 207 78 408 838 Connecticut 41 100 105 378 625 Delaware 38 40 1 85 164 District of Columbia 61 28 42 51 182 Florida 477 546 157 1,511 2,690 Georgia 160 334 128 535 1,157 Guam * * * * * Hawaii 22 3 15 74 114 Idaho 25 34 22 41 122 Illinois 190 438 110 908 1,646 Indiana 56 140 71 293 559 Iowa 54 57 87 109 307 Kansas 38 85 140 153 417 Kentucky 74 96 122 201 493 Louisiana 51 112 126 199 488 Maine 29 67 12 103 211 Maryland 239 185 38 393 854 Massachusetts 312 364 118 796 1,590 Michigan 104 452 51 835 1,442 Minnesota 123 301 130 318 873 Mississippi 39 57 16 70 182 Missouri 53 141 62 258 514 Montana 10 13 23 55 101 Nebraska 52 11 187 48 298 Nevada 70 77 40 226 414 New Hampshire 46 111 15 170 343 New Jersey 470 218 97 1,132 1,917 New Mexico 33 22 17 49 121 New York 894 716 453 2,448 4,511 North Carolina 125 214 123 622 1,084 North Dakota 5 19 54 34 113 Northern Mariana Isl. 0 0 0 0 0 Ohio 145 283 216 819 1,463 Oklahoma 70 78 171 201 519 Oregon 55 196 50 270 571 Pennsylvania 473 527 325 861 2,186 Puerto Rico 39 * * 89 210 Rhode Island 34 42 184 57 316 South Carolina 48 136 60 229 472 South Dakota 4 3 91 42 140 Tennessee 117 192 117 325 751 Texas 330 692 218 1,108 2,350 Utah 50 56 28 135 269 Vermont 15 26 14 34 88 Virgin Islands * * * * * Virginia 373 273 370 412 1,427 Washington 111 249 84 576 1,020 West Virginia 27 86 7 74 195 Wisconsin 43 300 29 394 765 Wyoming 4 9 2 39 54 Total 7,065 9,597 6,338 20,726 43,726 * Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. (In Thousands) U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 25 State Alabama 67% 54% 64% Alaska 51 * * American Samoa 50 NA 50 Arizona 61 62 62 Arkansas 65 44 61 California 58 55 57 Colorado 65 46 59 Connecticut 61 67 63 Delaware 61 58 60 District of Columbia 23 27 24 Florida 63 56 61 Georgia 59 52 58 Guam 57 * * Hawaii 57 64 58 Idaho 65 46 62 Illinois 56 57 56 Indiana 64 62 64 Iowa 70 62 68 Kansas 58 63 60 Kentucky 64 70 66 Louisiana 62 60 61 Maine 74 55 69 Maryland 57 58 57 Massachusetts 58 53 56 Michigan 57 71 61 Minnesota 70 45 62 Mississippi 63 55 62 Missouri 65 54 63 Montana 65 65 65 Nebraska 57 56 57 Nevada 59 54 58 New Hampshire 70 50 62 New Jersey 57 63 59 New Mexico 67 43 64 New York 59 59 59 North Carolina 64 59 63 North Dakota 67 67 67 Northern Mariana Isl. 47 NA 47 Ohio 64 67 65 Oklahoma 64 67 65 Oregon 69 46 62 Pennsylvania 68 45 61 Puerto Rico 78 40 70 Rhode Island 63 59 61 South Carolina 66 57 64 South Dakota 63 71 66 Tennessee 67 48 62 Texas 61 52 59 Utah 65 54 62 Vermont 72 45 65 Virgin Islands 67 * * Virginia 58 49 55 Washington 66 57 64 West Virginia 77 43 70 Wisconsin 61 61 61 Wyoming 54 78 59 Nationwide 61 56 60 * Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. NA is an abbreviation for not applicable. Table 15 Percentage of End-User Switched Access Lines and VoIP Subscriptions ILECs Non-ILECs Total Provided to Residential Customers by State as of December 31, 2008 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 26 State ILECs Non-ILECs Total1 VoIP Providers 2 Alabama 20 95 115 54 Alaska 17 18 35 16 American Samoa 1 0 1 0 Arizona 17 76 93 56 Arkansas 20 64 84 38 California 16 122 138 80 Colorado 26 83 109 60 Connecticut 2 68 70 49 Delaware 1 54 55 36 District of Columbia 1 66 67 45 Florida 11 161 172 93 Georgia 26 126 152 76 Guam 1 5 6 4 Hawaii 3 30 33 26 Idaho 20 56 76 41 Illinois 45 129 174 75 Indiana 32 102 134 56 Iowa 134 86 220 34 Kansas 37 84 121 52 Kentucky 17 106 123 55 Louisiana 11 72 83 40 Maine 9 47 56 29 Maryland 2 98 100 65 Massachusetts 5 84 89 53 Michigan 27 99 126 57 Minnesota 56 98 154 55 Mississippi 14 84 98 47 Missouri 32 85 117 54 Montana 17 49 66 32 Nebraska 33 60 93 35 Nevada 15 73 88 53 New Hampshire 8 61 69 41 New Jersey 4 109 113 66 New Mexico 17 60 77 38 New York 26 127 153 80 North Carolina 20 105 125 61 North Dakota 22 45 67 23 Northern Mariana Isl 1 0 1 0 Ohio 35 112 147 69 Oklahoma 39 72 111 40 Oregon 27 86 113 53 Pennsylvania 23 111 134 70 Puerto Rico 1 13 14 11 Rhode Island 1 48 49 33 South Carolina 17 95 112 51 South Dakota 26 45 71 25 Tennessee 19 100 119 61 Texas 53 149 202 80 Utah 12 61 73 43 Vermont 7 42 49 29 Virgin Islands 1 3 4 3 Virginia 16 102 118 71 Washington 19 93 112 66 West Virginia 7 52 59 33 Wisconsin 43 93 136 50 Wyoming 12 45 57 33 Nationwide 780 701 1,481 366 2 The providers reporting interconnected VoIP subscribers in a state are a subset of the ILECs and non-ILECs in that state. Table 16 Number of Reporting ILECs, Non-ILECs, and VoIP Providers by State as of December 31, 2008 1 Holding companies or common-control entities that report both ILEC and non-ILEC operations in a state are counted once in the ILECs column and once in the Non-ILECs column for that state. Either type of operations might report interconnected VoIP subscribers. U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 27 Jun Dec Jun Dec Jun Dec Jun Dec Alabama 15 7 % 2,874 3,105 3,276 3,375 3,605 3,765 3,887 3,960 Alaska 12 13 341 377 397 412 432 460 480 383 American Samoa * * * * * * * * * * Arizona 13 8 3,543 3,844 4,153 4,405 4,637 4,800 4,936 4,983 Arkansas 9 9 1,681 1,781 1,924 2,044 2,149 2,288 2,446 2,530 California 18 7 24,572 25,537 27,497 29,717 30,204 32,247 31,946 32,177 Colorado 12 11 3,041 3,247 3,428 3,608 3,756 3,968 4,066 4,311 Connecticut 8 7 2,329 2,463 2,582 2,705 2,787 2,884 2,959 3,030 Delaware 7 8 585 618 650 683 724 751 775 778 District of Columbia 7 9 753 825 879 880 966 936 1,047 1,096 Florida 13 9 12,620 12,568 14,177 14,762 15,255 15,605 15,809 16,158 Georgia 14 5 6,001 6,079 6,865 7,282 7,598 7,941 8,142 8,322 Guam * * * * * * * * * * Hawaii 7 4 934 983 1,010 1,035 1,067 1,096 1,115 1,184 Idaho 18 7 774 834 901 973 1,019 1,086 1,125 1,167 Illinois 15 7 8,227 8,655 9,148 9,589 9,949 10,330 10,634 10,919 Indiana 12 11 3,443 3,716 3,973 4,271 4,448 4,675 4,824 4,956 Iowa 67 8 1,634 1,811 1,867 2,010 2,058 2,166 2,245 2,319 Kansas 15 11 1,660 1,794 1,905 2,047 2,133 2,261 2,326 2,421 Kentucky 13 10 2,508 2,662 2,821 2,966 3,101 3,291 3,343 3,445 Louisiana 11 7 2,942 3,192 3,356 3,492 3,612 3,765 3,896 4,012 Maine 8 17 711 746 787 845 882 941 972 1,012 Maryland 9 8 3,968 4,239 4,471 4,691 4,818 5,024 5,124 5,234 Massachusetts 7 7 4,488 4,728 4,917 5,129 5,289 5,470 5,624 5,749 Michigan 13 8 6,230 6,604 6,863 7,094 7,333 7,608 7,821 8,027 Minnesota 9 11 3,132 3,380 3,543 3,702 3,834 4,048 4,164 4,345 Mississippi 12 8 1,631 1,821 1,923 2,030 2,070 2,196 2,252 2,312 Missouri 14 9 3,595 3,853 4,068 4,322 4,480 4,674 4,835 4,940 Montana 8 7 466 525 575 620 650 694 723 748 Nebraska 13 5 1,071 1,160 1,199 1,272 1,325 1,387 1,451 1,496 Nevada 13 7 1,605 1,777 1,883 1,990 2,093 2,167 2,249 2,268 New Hampshire 8 11 791 849 897 943 973 1,022 1,045 1,080 New Jersey 7 6 6,234 6,617 6,954 7,207 7,419 7,654 7,834 8,008 New Mexico 11 9 1,025 1,170 1,253 1,333 1,416 1,489 1,555 1,536 New York 11 10 12,996 13,805 14,574 15,262 15,901 16,395 17,260 16,702 North Carolina 14 8 5,503 5,792 6,209 6,627 6,962 7,306 7,428 8,024 North Dakota 9 6 368 432 457 473 492 513 541 581 Northern Mariana Isl. * * * * * * * * * * Ohio 14 9 6,994 7,504 7,939 8,380 8,723 9,099 9,357 9,565 Oklahoma 19 8 2,002 2,189 2,317 2,480 2,572 2,723 2,808 2,889 Oregon 10 9 2,056 2,339 2,484 2,656 2,781 2,923 3,007 3,084 Pennsylvania 14 10 7,397 7,942 8,349 8,831 9,201 9,615 9,895 10,214 Puerto Rico 7 2 2,003 2,111 2,171 2,301 2,323 2,411 2,502 2,624 Rhode Island 7 9 689 749 765 798 829 848 874 888 South Carolina 15 9 2,607 2,784 3,001 3,209 3,340 3,500 3,573 3,323 South Dakota 10 6 434 481 514 548 570 596 611 631 Tennessee 14 8 4,066 4,417 4,731 5,127 4,971 5,246 5,791 5,518 Texas 28 6 14,424 15,644 16,928 17,822 18,792 19,677 20,390 21,008 Utah 15 7 1,414 1,530 1,649 1,775 1,874 1,971 2,046 2,095 Vermont 7 16 295 314 334 358 375 402 421 435 Virgin Islands * * * * * * * * * * Virginia 11 9 4,851 5,073 5,325 5,607 6,148 6,416 6,242 6,856 Washington 11 9 4,062 4,249 4,495 4,799 5,035 5,292 5,461 5,624 West Virginia 11 17 821 858 965 1,040 1,095 1,173 1,236 1,295 Wisconsin 12 10 3,200 3,366 3,517 3,510 3,641 3,842 3,966 4,265 Wyoming 13 9 315 342 359 387 410 441 457 484 Nationwide 175 8 % 192,053 203,667 217,418 229,619 238,316 249,332 255,729 261,284 1 Percentage of mobile telephony subscribers purchasing their service subscriptions from a mobile wireless reseller. Dec 2008 Carriers % Resold 1 State Table 17 Mobile Telephone Facilities-based Carriers and Mobile Telephony Subscribers Subscribers (In Thousands) * Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality. Some data for June 2008 have been revised. 2005 2006 2007 2008 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 28 Zero 17.4 % 18.4 % 17.7 % 17.7 % 17.7 % 19.4 % 18.3 % 7.7 % One 10.5 11.4 11.3 11.1 11.1 11.7 11.6 9.2 Two 7.6 7.6 7.8 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.6 7.8 Three 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.7 6.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 Four 4.8 4.7 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.4 Five 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.4 3.9 4.1 4.8 Six 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.5 4.2 Seven 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.6 Eight 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.2 Nine 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.8 Ten or More 36.9 35.0 35.3 34.0 33.5 33.1 33.6 44.7 Zero 2.2 % 2.4 % 2.3 % 2.4 % 2.4 % 2.8 % 2.6 % 0.4 % One 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.4 0.9 Two 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 1.2 Three 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4 1.3 Four 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.3 Five 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.6 Six 1.9 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.7 Seven 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.3 1.8 Eight 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.8 1.7 Nine 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.7 1.6 Ten or More 77.9 76.8 77.4 76.1 75.8 75.0 75.9 86.6 1 See footnote 1, Table 1. 2008 Demographic data were created by geographically merging contemporaneous Tele Atlas ® Dynamap ® ZIP Code Boundary & Inventory Files with census block-level population data from the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Figures may not add to 100% due to rounding. Number of Providers 2 Jun Number of Providers 2 2007 DecJunJun 2005 Table 18 Percentage of ZIP Codes with CLECs or Non-ILEC VoIP Providers 1 Table 19 Percentage of Households in ZIP Codes with CLECs or Non-ILEC VoIP Providers 1 Dec 2008 Dec Dec 2006 Jun 2 A holding company or common-control entity that reports both CLEC end-user switched access lines and interconnected VoIP subscribers in a state reports a single list of ZIP Codes in which it has any such customers and is counted once in each listed ZIP Code. JunDec Dec 2007 DecJunJun JunDec 20062005 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 29 Alabama 3 % 18 % 6 % 4 % 4 % 3 % 4 % 4 % 53 % Alaska 58 28 2 3 1 2 2 1 0 Arizona 3 19 5 4 3 3 2 5 56 Arkansas 16 43 6 6 3 4 3 3 15 California 2 13 4 5 3 3 2 2 67 Colorado 10 26 4 2 2 3 4 2 46 Connecticut 0 7 4 6 8 7 5 4 59 Delaware 0 2 2 5 2 5 2 0 83 District of Columbia 0 8 4 0 0 0 0 0 88 Florida 0 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 85 Georgia 2 19 5 5 5 4 2 2 56 Hawaii 6 21 13 9 8 6 3 4 30 Idaho 7 42 7 7 8 4 2 2 22 Illinois 6 30 9 6 4 3 2 2 39 Indiana 3 23 8 7 8 5 4 3 39 Iowa 20 49 7 4 2 3 1 1 13 Kansas 20 36 5 5 5 3 3 2 22 Kentucky 7 26 8 6 6 5 4 5 34 Louisiana 3 21 4 4 4 5 3 4 50 Maine 5 20 8 11 9 8 8 5 25 Maryland 1 7 3 5 4 4 3 3 70 Massachusetts 0 4 0 2 3 1 3 3 83 Michigan 2 13 6 6 6 5 5 3 56 Minnesota 15 35 5 5 3 4 2 2 29 Mississippi 2 12 6 6 6 3 5 5 56 Missouri 18 37 6 5 3 2 2 2 25 Montana 43 33 3 2 3 2 2 2 10 Nebraska 28 50 3 2 2 1 2 1 12 Nevada 3 22 6 5 5 3 3 4 50 New Hampshire 1 6 5 6 6 7 7 7 56 New Jersey 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 94 New Mexico 16 40 7 3 4 2 4 1 22 New York 1 10 5 4 4 3 5 4 66 North Carolina 1 15 7 7 5 4 4 3 54 North Dakota 44 44 3 2 1 0 0 1 5 Ohio 0 8 5 6 6 8 6 5 55 Oklahoma 14 35 4 4 2 2 2 2 33 Oregon 5 35 6 5 5 3 4 4 34 Pennsylvania 3 20 7 5 4 5 3 3 49 Puerto Rico 0 4 10 15 22 24 20 4 1 Rhode Island 0 7 8 5 1 3 9 4 62 South Carolina 1 17 4 4 4 3 4 4 59 South Dakota 40 46 3 2 2 1 1 0 5 Tennessee 4 20 5 5 4 5 2 3 52 Texas 5 20 4 4 3 3 3 2 56 Utah 2 36 6 4 5 3 3 3 39 Vermont 2 28 13 6 11 6 9 6 22 Virginia 7 25 8 6 5 4 2 4 39 Washington 3 24 5 6 3 5 2 3 50 West Virginia 10 41 10 8 7 4 4 3 14 Wisconsin 8 39 8 5 5 3 3 3 27 Wyoming 13 53 7 5 1 2 1 3 14 Nationwide 8 % 23 % 5 % 5 % 4 % 4 % 3 % 3 % 45 % State as of December 31, 2008 Percentage of ZIP Codes with CLECs or Non-ILEC VoIP Providers by State Five Table 20 Number of Providers Nine Ten or More Six Seven EightZero One - Three Four U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 30 U.S. Federal Communications Commission Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 31 Customer Response Publication: Local Telephone Competition: Status as of December 31, 2008 You can help us provide the best possible information to the public by completing this form and returning it to the Industry Analysis and Technology Division of the FCC's Wireline Competition Bureau. 1. 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