Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF data as of December 31, 2008 Porting and Toll-Free data as of March 31, 2009 Craig Stroup and John Vu Industry Analysis and Technology Division Wireline Competition Bureau Federal Communications Commission September 2009 This report is available for reference in the FCC's Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20554. Several private firms specialize in locating, duplicating, and distributing FCC documents. Documents may be purchased by calling Best Copy and Printing, Inc. at (202) 488-5300 or via their website at www.bcpiweb.com. This and many other useful reports can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 2 Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States NRUF Data as of December 31, 2008 Porting and Toll-Free Data as of March 31, 2009 Executive Summary This is the Federal Communications Commission’s report on numbering resource utilization in the United States. 1 In this report, we summarize an ongoing systematic collection of comprehensive data on the utilization of telephone numbers within the United States. The underlying information was acquired from carriers holding numbering resources and was analyzed as part of our ongoing assessment of the efficacy of numbering resource optimization measures prescribed by the Commission’s Numbering Resource Optimization (NRO) Orders. 2 Findings As of December 31, 2008: • Overall, 47.9% of all telephone numbers were assigned to end users. • The overall utilization rate for Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (LECs) was 49.6%, down from 50.3% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Cellular/PCS carriers was 65.6%, up from 65.3% six months earlier. • The overall utilization rate for Competitive LECs was 31.1%, up from 30.4% six months earlier. • Thousands-block pooling has made it unnecessary to distribute about 419 million telephone numbers. 1 The previous edition of this report, with data as of June 30, 2008, was released in March 2009. 2 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 15 FCC Rcd 7574 (2000) (First NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Second Report and Order, Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, and Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 16 FCC Rcd 306 (2000) (Second NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Third Report and Order and Second Order on Reconsideration in CC Docket No. 96-98 and CC Docket No. 99-200, 17 FCC Rcd 252 (2001) (Third NRO Order); Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, 95-116, Fourth Report and Order in CC Docket No. 99-200 and CC Docket No. 95-116, and Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in CC Docket No. 99-200, 18 FCC Rcd 12472 (2003) (Fourth NRO Order). 3 • In the fourth quarter of 2008, carriers returned 3.43 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. • In the first quarter of 2009, carriers returned 1.89 million telephone numbers to the NANPA. Background The United States uses ten-digit telephone numbers, which are organized in accordance with the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). 3 The NANP divides the country into separate geographic areas called numbering plan areas (NPAs), more commonly called area codes. Calls between these areas are generally dialed using the three-digit area code, followed by a seven-digit local telephone number. When the NANP was established in 1947, only 78 area codes were assigned to carriers in the United States. Only 36 new codes were added through 1989. But the rate of activation increased dramatically. In the 1990s, 109 new area codes were activated in the United States. 4 Because the remaining supply of unassigned area codes is diminishing, and because a premature exhaust of area codes imposes significant costs on consumers, the Commission in 1999 initiated a proceeding to ensure that the limited numbering resources are used efficiently and thereby slow telephone number exhaust. In 2000 it issued its first NRO Order, in which, among other things, the Commission established the requirement that carriers submit data on numbering resource utilization and forecasts twice a year. The information is submitted using FCC Form 502, which is known as the Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast (NRUF) form. 5 Carriers controlling numbering resources for the purpose of providing services to their customers are required to file their NRUF forms with the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA) 6 by February 1 and August 1 of each year. 7 The administrator compiles the information submitted into a database and provides that database to the Commission. 8 The NRUF-based information in this report presents number 3 The North American Numbering Plan is used in the United States and its territories, and in Canada, Bermuda, and many Caribbean nations, including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The data contained in this report are all limited to the United States and its overseas territories. 4 NeuStar, Inc. publishes a database containing information about each area code on its website: http://www.nanpa.com/npa/allnpas.zip. 5 See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 15 FCC Rcd 17005, 17006, n. 9 (2000) (July 2000 NRO Order). FCC Form 502 and most other FCC forms can be downloaded via www.fcc.gov/formpage.html. 6 The current NANPA is NeuStar, Inc. 7 First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7603, para. 67. 8 The NANPA’s database is continually updated because not all carriers file by the prescribed date, and because carriers sometimes file updated information throughout the year. 4 utilization as of December 31, 2008. It reflects all corrections and submissions that the NANPA received through June 16, 2009. 9 Historically, local telephone companies received geographic numbers in blocks of 10,000. These blocks of 10,000 numbers are often called NXXs, or central office codes, and are identifiable as the first three digits of a seven-digit telephone number. 10 One of the efforts to improve the efficiency with which numbers are used is “thousands-block number pooling,” where an NXX is broken into ten sequential blocks of 1,000 numbers. Carriers may then be required to donate unused or underutilized blocks to a pooling administrator, which then assigns those thousands-blocks to other carriers in need of numbers. 11 This effectively allows the assignment of numbers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Most carriers are required to report their telephone number usage at the thousands-block level so that the Commission can evaluate the efficacy of telephone number pooling. Carriers that meet the statutory definition of “rural telephone company” 12 and operate in non-pooling areas are required to submit their number usage at the NXX level. In this report, we present utilization data for four types of carriers: 13 • Incumbent LECs • Competitive LECs • Cellular/PCS Carriers • Paging Carriers Carriers report on numbering resources in the following six categories: • assigned • intermediate • reserved • aging • administrative • available 9 Not all carriers filed their NRUF forms by the February 1, 2009 deadline. 10 A ten-thousands block is the block of 10,000 telephone numbers that have the same area code and the same NXX. 11 The current pooling administrator is NeuStar, Inc., which is also the NANPA. 12 47 U.S.C. § 153(37). 13 Carriers classified themselves in a variety of ways on their NRUF forms. With one exception, each carrier type was aggregated into one of these four categories for the purposes of this report. The exception involves carriers calling themselves interexchange carriers. These carriers reported data for area codes 500 and 900, which are summarized in Table 10 of this report. Therefore, there was no need to classify interexchange carriers as one of the four carrier types listed above. Also, carriers may provide multiple types of services, and may be doing so under a single operating company number. Where this occurs, this may cause a problem because carriers must indicate only their primary line of business on FCC Form 502. Thus, for example, there is some potential that some numbers are classified as cellular but are really used for paging. Only small carriers seem to do this, so the effects of this misclassification should be minor. 5 An assigned number is one that is in use by an end-user customer. Intermediate numbers are those that one carrier has made available for use by another carrier (or to a non-carrier) so that the numbers may then be assigned to an end user. Reserved numbers are those that are being held by the service provider at the request of an end user for future use. Aging numbers are those that are being held out of use by the carrier for a period of time after the end user that last used them discontinues service. Administrative numbers include test numbers and other numbers used for network purposes. Available numbers are numbers that are generally available for assignment to customers. 14 Some carriers receive telephone numbers from other carriers. When this occurs, the carrier that received its numbers from another carrier (as opposed to directly from the NANPA) is required to report utilization data for those numbers, and to mark those numbers as having been received from other carriers. 15 The vast majority of numbering resources reported were part of geographic area codes. That is, the numbers were part of area codes that are associated with specific regions of the United States or another country. For instance, area code 406 is associated with Montana, and area code 506 is associated with New Brunswick, Canada. Carriers are also required to report on utilization of some non-geographic area codes, such as 500 numbers and 900 numbers (which are described later in this report). Carriers use other types of non-geographic numbering resources as well: millions of numbers are used to provide toll-free services using non-geographic area codes such as 800, 888, 877 and 866. These numbering resources are managed separately. Analysis and Results Table 1 shows the total quantity of telephone numbers reported by the carriers and the number of 10,000 blocks (or NXXs) that were reported. Table 1 also shows the quantity of telephone numbers that carriers reported for each of the six categories described above. The percentages for each of the six categories are provided as well. Carriers reported usage data on 140,189 NXXs. This is up from the 137,893 NXXs from the previous filing (data for June 30, 2008). As the NANPA calculates that about 142,284 NXXs have been assigned to United States carriers, 16 this round of submissions (data for December 31, 2008) appears to have garnered usable information on 98.5% of the numbering resources 14 For precise definitions of these categories, see 47 C.F.R. § 52.15. 15 This means that sometimes more than one carrier can report utilization data for the same thousands-block (or ten-thousands block). Carriers receiving numbers from another carrier are required to report utilization data for those numbers on a different page (of FCC Form 502) than the page that carriers use to report numbers received directly from the NANPA. Not all carriers that received numbers from other carriers filed on the correct page, however, so within the database it can appear that more than one carrier has reported data for the same block of numbers. Carriers that receive numbers from other carriers are also required to report on any telephone numbers received from the NANPA. 16 The NANPA lists the codes that have been issued on their web site: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. 6 assigned to carriers in the United States. Although the reporting level is high, many carriers still had not provided usable utilization data by June 16, 2009, the cut-off date for inclusion in this report. Carriers filing FCC Forms 502 reported that about 667 million telephone numbers were assigned to end users, and that 635 million were available for assignment. These 635 million available numbers do not include any telephone numbers in NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. As more NXXs are assigned to carriers by the NANPA, and more area codes are opened, more numbers will become available. Intermediate, reserved, aging and administrative categories collectively account for another 90 million telephone numbers of the NXXs assigned to carriers. The quantity of incumbent LEC assigned numbers is down slightly, reflecting the decreasing number of incumbent LEC lines. 17 The quantity of cellular/PCS assigned numbers is up, reflecting that sector’s growth. The quantity of CLEC assigned numbers continues to rise, in part, because of telephone service provided through voice over Internet protocol (VoIP). Table 2 presents utilization statistics for carriers reporting at the thousands-block level (carriers that do not meet the statutory definition of a rural carrier are required to report at the thousands- block level). Table 3 presents statistics for rural carriers, which are required to report only at the 10,000 block level. 18 As might be expected, overall utilization rates are lower in rural areas (15% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users) than in more urban areas (50% of telephone numbers are assigned to end users). Table 4 shows utilization statistics on a state-by-state basis. As might be expected, states that are relatively rural and have low population densities have a lower percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end-user customers than in more urban, populous states. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. Table 5 shows the number of carriers reporting telephone number utilization data for each state. Carriers are required to report their NRUF data at the operating company number (OCN) level. 19 Carriers typically obtain one or more OCNs per state in which they operate. The number of carriers in each state is determined by counting the number of OCNs reported in each state. Table 6 shows utilization statistics on an area code-by-area code basis. The table also shows the total number of OCNs reported in each area code. Again, carriers report for only those numbers that have been assigned to them, so the quantity of available numbers does not include any of the NXXs in the state that had not yet been assigned to a carrier. 17 See Table 1 of the most recent Local Telephone Competition report at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/comp.html. 18 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7604-05, para. 71. A small number of rural carriers may operate in areas with pooling. As all carriers in pooling areas are required to report at the thousands-block level, rural carriers in pooling areas, if any, should be included in Table 2 rather than Table 3. 19 See First NRO Order, 15 FCC Rcd at 7594, para. 41. Carriers obtain OCNs from the National Exchange Carrier Association. 7 Table 7 shows actual quantities of assigned, aging and available numbers for wireline carriers (incumbent LECs and CLECs), and for cellular/PCS carriers (wireless carriers). This information is presented on an area code-by-area code basis. The information in Table 7 is useful for at least two reasons. First, while there is no information on the number of working telephone lines in each area code, Table 7 provides at least some indication of what these numbers are. For several reasons, however, the number of working lines per area code cannot be perfectly divined from this information. Although cellular/PCS carriers typically assign one geographic telephone number to each subscriber, wireline carriers sometimes do not. Some wireline customers want multiple telephone numbers associated with a smaller number of lines. This is common when the customer has a PBX. Other customers, especially those expecting many inbound calls, such as from a help line, want a single telephone number that serves many lines. Thus, the quantity of telephone numbers in an area code provides only a rough guide to the number of lines served in each area code. Second, the information in Table 7 provides the only information available for examining churn. 20 After a customer disconnects from a carrier’s network and chooses not to port the number to another carrier, that carrier will hold that number out of circulation (“age” the number) for up to ninety days if the customer was a residential subscriber, and up to one year if the customer was a business subscriber. Therefore, the quantity of aging numbers gives some indication of the number of customers that have disconnected from the carrier’s network in the previous three months to a year. For several reasons, aging numbers, however, do not give a perfect indication of churn. Aside from not measuring numbers ported to another carrier, not all carriers age their numbers for the full time allowed. In particular, where carriers cannot immediately obtain new numbers from the NANPA or the pooling administrator because of area code rationing, and the carriers have no other available numbers to assign to end users, carriers may assign end users telephone numbers that have not been aged for the full time that the states have prescribed. (Thousands-block pooling alleviates this problem by making more numbering resources available.) Moreover, as mentioned in the previous paragraph, wireline carriers do not always issue one telephone number per line. Thus, as with line counts, churn rates can only be roughly estimated from the data in Table 7. Table 8 focuses on telephone number pooling. A thousands-block is potentially poolable when 90% or more of the numbers are classified as available for assignment. Pooling is required in the top 100 MSAs. 21 Pooling also is occurring in other areas where a state commission has exercised delegated authority to require pooling. 22 Carriers also have voluntarily implemented pooling in certain areas. The Commission established an initial roll-out schedule for 20 Churn is the rate at which customers change carriers or disconnect service. 21 The composition of MSAs may change over time. If a rate center is part of a top 100 MSA at any time after 1990, then the FCC generally requires number pooling. See Fourth NRO Order, 18 FCC Rcd at 12473, para. 2. 22 Most recently, the Commission granted authority to the Idaho, Alabama and Wisconsin commissions to expand pooling to areas outside of the top 100 MSAs. See Numbering Resource Optimization; Implementation of the Local Competition Provisions of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, WC Docket 07-118, CC Docket Nos. 99-200, 96-98, Order, 22 FCC Rcd 16081 (2007). The Commission also has sought comment on whether it should delegate authority to all states to implement mandatory pooling at their discretion. See Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order and Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 21 FCC Rcd 1833 (2006). 8 thousands-block number pooling for wireline carriers, which was completed in December 2003. 23 Table 8 shows the number of thousands-blocks that carriers have received from the Pooling Administrator. Table 8 also shows the total number of thousands-blocks in rate centers where pooling exists, and shows the percentage of those thousands blocks that are pooled. Wireless carriers are listed separately from CLECs and incumbent LECs because wireless carriers started porting on November 24, 2003. Table 9 examines the efficacy of thousands-block pooling by showing the utilization of the thousands-blocks that were distributed by the Pooling Administrator and the utilization rate that would have resulted had whole NXXs been issued. 24 Overall, if whole NXXs had been issued instead of individual thousands-blocks, utilization within those blocks would have been 20.9%. With pooling, however, utilization was 61.8%, nearly a three-fold increase. Another way of measuring the benefit of pooling is examining the quantity of telephone numbers saved through pooling. With pooling, 215 million telephone numbers were distributed to carriers in pooling areas. Had there been no pooling, over 634 million telephone numbers would have been distributed to the carriers. Thus, about 419 million telephone numbers have been saved through thousands-block pooling. Table 10 shows utilization data for two specialized nongeographic area codes: 500 and 900. Area code 500 is used for “follow me” service, which, among other things, can be used to route an incoming call to different phone numbers, depending on the time of day. Area code 900 is used for information services where the caller is not charged the normal long distance rates set by the caller’s long distance carrier, but usually is charged much higher prices that are preset by the call’s recipient. Figures 1 through 4 focus on utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks that the carriers hold within a local geographic area. 25 We have used rate centers as our measure of local geographic area because thousands blocks are assigned to carriers on a rate- center basis. 26 Carriers serving densely populated areas may need more than one thousands block (each thousands block contains one thousand numbers) to provide service. In these densely populated areas, carriers should generally be able to achieve higher utilization rates 23 See The Common Carrier Bureau Announces The First Quarter Schedule For National Thousands-Block Number Pooling, CC Docket No. 99-200, Public Notice, 17 FCC Rcd 103 (2001). See also Numbering Resource Optimization, CC Docket No. 99-200, Order, 17 FCC Rcd 7347 (2002). 24 Calculating the utilization rate had whole NXXs been issued was a 4-step process: 1) the number of thousands-blocks that a carrier held in a rate center was determined; 2) that number was rounded up to the next ten, which is the number of thousands-blocks the carrier would have received if it had received whole NXXs; 3) the number in step 2 was multiplied by 1,000 to calculate the total quantity of telephone numbers the carrier would have had in the rate center; 4) the number of telephone numbers that the carrier actually has in that rate center is then subtracted from the quantity calculated in step 3. 25 For the purposes of these figures, the utilization rate is defined as the number of telephone numbers assigned to end- user customers divided by 1,000 (the number of telephone numbers in the thousands block). 26 A rate center is a geographic area used to determine distances and prices for local and long distance calls. 9 than carriers serving less densely populated areas, where one thousands block (or in many rural areas, a whole NXX) may be used to serve just a few customers. Figure 1 shows average incumbent LEC utilization rates as a function of the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center held by a carrier. The points in the figures were calculated using a three-step process. First, thousands-blocks were grouped depending on the number of thousands-blocks held by a carrier within a rate center. Second, the number of thousands- blocks held in a rate center was rounded to the nearest ten, to help protect the confidentiality of the data. Third, the average utilization rates were calculated for each of the groups (i.e., from the group of 10 thousands-blocks per rate center through the group of 1,000 thousands-blocks per rate center). 27 For example, for all instances where a carrier reported from 5 to 14 (which round to 10) thousands-blocks in a rate center, the average utilization rate was calculated. A similar average utilization rate was calculated for all instances where, for a carrier in a rate center, the number of thousands-blocks in a rate center was rounded to 20, 30, and so on through 1,000. To preserve carrier confidentiality, some data points have been collapsed into a single data point. For example, if there were only two companies with 350 thousands-blocks in a rate center, and another two companies with 360 thousands-blocks in a rate center, those data points were collapsed. This way, no carrier-specific data are released. Figures 2 through 4 show the same information for Cellular/PCS carriers, CLECs, and paging carriers. Table 11 focuses on NPA-NXX assignment information. There are three different databases that contain sources of NPA-NXX assignment information: NANPA’s NRUF database, NANPA’s NANP Administration System (NAS) database of NPA-NXX assignments, and the Local Exchange Routing Guide (LERG). 28 For a variety of reasons, the databases are not identical. Timing is a large factor in the differences. For instance, during an area code split, a carrier will maintain both the old and new NPA-NXXs in its systems during the phase called permissive dialing. 29 After permissive dialing ends, the carrier should remove the old NPA- NXXs from its systems. During permissive dialing, some carriers report utilization data for both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Further, some carriers may not remove the old NPA- NXXs from their systems promptly after permissive dialing ends, and may therefore report utilization data on both the old and the new NPA-NXXs. Also, carriers sometimes delay updating the LERG after an NPA-NXX has been removed from their switch or when the carrier has given the NPA-NXX back to the NANPA. Thus, the NRUF database, the LERG and the NANPA assignment database may not be identical. Table 11 shows the number of NPA-NXXs that appear in the three databases. Table 12 shows the percentage of numbers that have been assigned to end users over time. The utilization rate for incumbent local exchange carriers is slowly declining and cellular/PCS and 27 In order to prevent disclosure of proprietary information, we have grouped some individual data points into clusters so that the specific utilization data for individual carriers cannot be divined by comparing the individual plot points with other data sources. 28 The NANPA’s assignment information can be found online: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_assign.html. The analysis in Table 11 examines only those codes that NANPA marked “assigned” (i.e., this study does not examine those codes marked “protected”, “reserved”, “unassignable”, or “vacant”). The LERG is published monthly by Telcordia Technologies. 29 During permissive dialing, a phone number may be called by using either the old or the new NPA. 10 CLEC utilization rates are generally increasing. The utilization rate for paging continues to drop because the paging market is shrinking. Table 13 shows, on a quarterly basis, the number of NXX assignments made by the NANPA, the number of NXXs that have been returned to the NANPA, and the number of net NXX assignments to carriers. The table shows that fewer NXXs generally are being issued each quarter, and that carriers continue to return unneeded NPA-NXXs to the NANPA for reassignment. Tables 14 through 16 display information on telephone number porting. All telephone number porting information in this report is derived from the local number portability database, which was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. 30 There are several reasons that the quantity of ported numbers in the database at any given time does not equal the sum of numbers ported in prior months. When consumers who have already ported their telephone numbers do so again, the porting database retains only the most recent porting activity for those numbers. Consumers can also port their numbers back to the original carrier. 31 When this happens, it is counted as a port even though the number drops out of the porting database. 32 Also, carriers sometimes port blocks of numbers to other carriers before reassigning them in the LERG. Once the numbers are reassigned, they can be dropped from the porting database. Table 14 shows, on a monthly basis, the quantities of telephone numbers that have been ported since wireless porting started on November 24, 2003. The table shows that most porting activity is intramodal, that is between two landline carriers or between two mobile carriers. Table 15 shows the quantity of telephone numbers in the porting database at the end of each quarter. Table 16 is based on ports in the database as of March 31, 2009, and shows the quarter in which the numbers were ported. Table 17 shows the number of ports in the database on a state-by-state basis, and Table 18 shows the number of carriers involved in porting on a state-by-state basis. Table 19 shows the percentage of assigned numbers that were ported. 33 Tables 20 through 24 show information about toll-free numbers in the North American Numbering Plan. AT&T introduced toll-free service in 1967. The Commission changed procedures for routing toll-free calls on May 1, 1993 to make toll-free numbers "portable." This change enabled customers to switch service providers yet still retain their toll-free numbers. Table 20 shows that, between 1993 and 2000, the quantity of assigned toll-free numbers grew rapidly: growing from 3.9 million in 1993 to 24.2 million in 2000. New toll-free 30 NeuStar, Inc. is the portability administrator. NeuStar operates seven different porting databases. Commission staff combines information from these databases into a single database. 31 When a customer who is using a ported number discontinues service entirely, the ported number also goes back to the original carrier. 32 Area code splits can cause a number that was at one time ported from Carrier A to Carrier B to appear to be reported from Carrier A to Carrier B, as the database record must be updated to reflect the new area code. When this happens, the old porting record also disappears from the database. 33 Paging carriers are not required to port numbers. 11 calling codes were opened to meet the demand. In March 1996, calling code 888 was placed into service. The third toll-free calling code (877) went into effect April 4, 1998, and the fourth toll-free calling code (866) went into effect July 29, 2000. As of December 31, 2008, there were 24.6 million toll-free numbers assigned. Tables 21 through 24 show the growth of each individual toll-free code: 800, 888, 877, and 866, respectively. In the event that another toll-free code is needed, the 855 code would be opened. Database Service Management, Inc./Team DSMI, a subsidiary of Telcordia Technologies, Inc., maintains the Toll-Free Service Management System for the United States and Canada. Table 25 shows the current list of area codes, the state or territory they serve, and the month the code was opened. Table 26 shows area code assignments since January 1999, along with the month the code was added, and the code that served the area previously. Table 27 shows how dialing patterns differ from state to state. For instance, in some states, callers making local calls within an area code are required to dial only the 7-digit phone number. In other states, callers making local calls must dial the ten-digit phone number (area code plus the phone number). Finally, in some states, local callers must dial a “1” before dialing the area code plus the phone number. Each state’s public utilities commission (or public service commission) determines the calling pattern for each area code in their state. 34 For both local and domestic toll calls, there are two basic types of calls: those within an area code and those between area codes. Table 27 shows the dialing patterns for all four types of calls. The last column of Table 27 indicates whether all toll calls in that state require callers to dial a “1” before the telephone number. Additional Information Additional information too lengthy to include in this report is contained on the Commission’s website. 35 The first set of additional information lists the more than 3,000 filers. The list includes the service provider’s name, its parent name, and its OCN. The second set of information shows, by carrier type and by rate center, the number of assigned telephone numbers and the number of thousands blocks reported in that rate center. Some information has been redacted (asterisked out), to prevent the potential release of non-public data. The information also includes the Metropolitan Statistical Area/Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area in which the rate center resides. 36 34 The dialing patterns for area codes are listed in the area code database, which can be found at http://www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 35 This report and additional numbering information can be found at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/number.html. All of the Industry Analysis & Technology Division’s reports are available on the web, and are conveniently categorized. See http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats. 36 The rate center’s V&H coordinates from the LERG were used to determine in which MSA/PMSA the rate center resided. If the rate center is not in an MSA/PMSA, then the MSA/PMSA variable is left blank. 12 The pooling information submitted by NeuStar is also available, and includes the NPA, NXX, X (block number), recipient carrier, date of assignment for the block and other information about the block. NeuStar submitted pooling data as of March 19, 2009. For consistency, only blocks with effective dates through December 31, 2008 were used in creating the tables for this report. Technical Details The following material provides technical details on the data and procedures used in this analysis. With respect to Tables 1 through 3, the reader should note that the number of unique NXXs for each carrier type does not add up to the total number of unique NXXs. 37 This occurs when multiple carriers report data for the same numbering resource. In addition, some carriers reported at the thousands-block level and other carriers reported at the NXX level for the same NXX. In the past, when numbers were transferred from an incumbent LEC to another carrier, these numbers were classified as “assigned” because those numbers could not be used elsewhere in the incumbent LEC’s own system. According to the Commission’s standardized definitions, however, these numbers are classified as “intermediate” numbers. It appears that some large carriers have not reported these numbers as intermediate numbers. Because, in many instances, we were unable to match submissions that report intermediate numbers with submissions that report numbers as being received from another carrier, we had to create filters to ensure that numbers were not double counted. Where a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC) has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. For ease of comparison, Figures 1 through 4 plot utilization rates only when there were 1,000 or fewer thousands-blocks in a rate center. Some incumbent LECs reported more than 1,000 unique thousands-blocks in a single rate center. The average utilization rates in these instances (where the carrier has more than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center) were the same as the instances where the carrier has just fewer than 1,000 thousands blocks in a rate center. Therefore, the figures show only the data where the carriers reported up to 1,000 thousands- blocks within a rate center. This allows a linear scale to be used. In some instances, we observed that some CLECs had a large number of thousands-blocks in a single rate center. Although most CLECs do not have enough end-user lines in a rate center to warrant having so many thousands-blocks in that rate center, there are at least two reasons that a CLEC would do so. First, some CLECs provide service to unified messaging services, such 37 In some instances, more than one carrier reported numbering utilization data for the same NPA-NXX. Tables 1-3 report on the number of unique NPA-NXXs that were reported by each carrier type and by the industry as a whole. 13 as e-fax. 38 These services use large quantities of numbers. 39 Also, VoIP providers generally obtain NANP telephone numbers for their customers by partnering with a local exchange carrier, such as a CLEC, through a commercial arrangement rather than obtaining them directly from a numbering administrator. * * * * We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved data collection and analysis by using the attached customer response form, e-mailing comments to craig.stroup@fcc.gov, john.vu@fcc.gov, or calling the Industry Analysis and Technology Division at (202) 418-0940 (for TTY, call (202) 418-0484). 38 Unified messaging services allow end users to receive multiple types of messages (such as voice mail and faxes) at one phone number. Typically, these messages are then digitized and e-mailed to the end user. Because the end user does not need to answer the call personally, the messages can be sent to any phone number in the United States. Thus, unified messaging service providers can operate efficiently by obtaining a large number of thousands blocks in a single rate center. 39 Carriers assigning numbers to unified messaging services are instructed to report numbers as “intermediate” until the numbers are assigned by the unified messaging service providers to end users. Some carriers have assigned large quantities of numbers to unified messaging services but may not have received information back from the unified messaging company as to whether those numbers had been assigned to end users. This may explain why some carriers reported dozens of NXXs in a single rate center, yet classified all those numbers as intermediate rather than assigned. Table 1 Number Utilization by Carrier Type as of December 31, 2008 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 289,115 14,014 4,296 14,734 12,473 248,563 583,194 66,583 Cellular/PCS 277,562 2,098 1,199 16,080 3,794 122,587 423,321 55,197 CLEC 95,070 7,913 3,784 6,020 1,416 191,694 305,896 48,788 Paging 5,288 357 658 664 172 71,720 78,859 5,915 All Reporting Carriers 667,035 24,381 9,936 37,499 17,855 634,563 1,391,270 140,189 2 Incumbent LEC 49.6% 2.4% 0.7% 2.5% 2.1% 42.6% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 65.6% 0.5% 0.3% 3.8% 0.9% 29.0% 100.0% CLEC 31.1% 2.6% 1.2% 2.0% 0.5% 62.7% 100.0% Paging 6.7% 0.5% 0.8% 0.8% 0.2% 91.0% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 47.9% 1.8% 0.7% 2.7% 1.3% 45.6% 100.0% Table 2 Detail of Number Utilization: Non-rural Carriers (Reported at the Thousands-block Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 279,974 13,262 3,448 14,103 12,104 201,603 524,494 60,743 Cellular/PCS 275,753 2,047 1,005 15,918 3,661 116,426 414,810 54,386 CLEC 94,426 7,853 3,652 5,985 1,365 184,554 297,834 48,050 Paging 4,939 334 535 563 100 65,887 72,359 5,311 All Reporting Carriers 655,093 23,495 8,640 36,568 17,230 568,470 1,309,497 132,455 2 Incumbent LEC 53.4% 2.5% 0.7% 2.7% 2.3% 38.4% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 66.5% 0.5% 0.2% 3.8% 0.9% 28.1% 100.0% CLEC 31.7% 2.6% 1.2% 2.0% 0.5% 62.0% 100.0% Paging 6.8% 0.5% 0.7% 0.8% 0.1% 91.1% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 50.0% 1.8% 0.7% 2.8% 1.3% 43.4% 100.0% Table 3 Detail of Number Utilization: Rural Carriers (Reported at the NXX Level) Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Carrier Type (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs Incumbent LEC 9,140 752 848 631 369 46,960 58,700 5,869 Cellular/PCS 1,809 51 194 163 133 6,161 8,511 840 CLEC 644 60 131 36 51 7,140 8,062 804 Paging 349 23 123 101 72 5,832 6,500 604 All Reporting Carriers 11,943 886 1,296 930 625 66,094 81,773 8,102 2 Incumbent LEC 15.6% 1.3% 1.4% 1.1% 0.6% 80.0% 100.0% Cellular/PCS 21.3% 0.6% 2.3% 1.9% 1.6% 72.4% 100.0% CLEC 8.0% 0.8% 1.6% 0.4% 0.6% 88.6% 100.0% Paging 5.4% 0.4% 1.9% 1.6% 1.1% 89.7% 100.0% All Reporting Carriers 14.6% 1.1% 1.6% 1.1% 0.8% 80.8% 100.0% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009 (99% of NXXs reported). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. 2 Unduplicated total. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. Where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 14 Table 4 Telephone Number Utilization by State as of December 31, 2008 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Administrative Available 1 Total State/jurisdiction 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s % 000s Alabama 9,637 43.8 701 3.2 107 0.5 617 2.8 346 1.6 10,578 48.1 21,986 Alaska 1,541 26.2 41 0.7 131 2.2 84 1.4 26 0.4 4,053 69.0 5,876 American Samoa 24 80.8 0 0.0 1 4.8 0 0.2 1 2.5 4 11.7 30 Arizona 13,589 63.9 89 0.4 165 0.8 697 3.3 215 1.0 6,511 30.6 21,266 Arkansas 5,070 35.6 461 3.2 68 0.5 274 1.9 166 1.2 8,216 57.6 14,256 California 82,565 52.8 2,368 1.5 889 0.6 4,595 2.9 2,590 1.7 63,219 40.5 156,226 Colorado 12,049 57.6 134 0.6 166 0.8 628 3.0 346 1.7 7,592 36.3 20,916 Connecticut 7,897 52.0 355 2.3 107 0.7 330 2.2 198 1.3 6,312 41.5 15,199 Delaware 2,514 54.1 13 0.3 45 1.0 143 3.1 29 0.6 1,904 41.0 4,646 District of Columbia 4,297 74.1 2 0.0 94 1.6 185 3.2 36 0.6 1,187 20.5 5,801 Florida 39,489 55.0 2,359 3.3 391 0.5 2,942 4.1 1,476 2.1 25,164 35.0 71,821 Georgia 19,642 48.4 1,778 4.4 221 0.5 1,414 3.5 695 1.7 16,806 41.4 40,557 Guam 207 34.0 0 0.0 5 0.7 11 1.8 3 0.6 384 62.9 610 Hawaii 2,836 56.6 14 0.3 28 0.6 110 2.2 190 3.8 1,830 36.5 5,007 Idaho 2,671 41.7 65 1.0 317 4.9 152 2.4 104 1.6 3,093 48.3 6,402 Illinois 28,613 45.9 755 1.2 499 0.8 1,375 2.2 610 1.0 30,473 48.9 62,324 Indiana 11,350 41.1 637 2.3 168 0.6 549 2.0 359 1.3 14,537 52.7 27,601 Iowa 7,192 35.5 332 1.6 203 1.0 284 1.4 158 0.8 12,104 59.7 20,274 Kansas 5,305 31.3 600 3.5 122 0.7 255 1.5 181 1.1 10,485 61.9 16,948 Kentucky 8,089 37.8 560 2.6 112 0.5 507 2.4 275 1.3 11,847 55.4 21,389 Louisiana 9,051 42.6 719 3.4 72 0.3 700 3.3 347 1.6 10,376 48.8 21,264 Maine 3,770 51.9 30 0.4 94 1.3 140 1.9 66 0.9 3,166 43.6 7,266 Maryland 14,973 57.5 131 0.5 200 0.8 744 2.9 165 0.6 9,836 37.8 26,049 Massachusetts 19,876 51.7 269 0.7 529 1.4 975 2.5 278 0.7 16,487 42.9 38,414 Michigan 20,297 38.9 444 0.9 215 0.4 1,027 2.0 644 1.2 29,593 56.7 52,221 Minnesota 11,689 41.5 296 1.1 273 1.0 497 1.8 214 0.8 15,178 53.9 28,147 Mississippi 4,925 29.4 423 2.5 118 0.7 442 2.6 314 1.9 10,540 62.9 16,761 Missouri 11,180 38.4 728 2.5 143 0.5 585 2.0 288 1.0 16,160 55.6 29,084 Montana 1,638 25.2 26 0.4 36 0.6 99 1.5 42 0.6 4,667 71.7 6,509 Nebraska 3,548 33.8 134 1.3 46 0.4 154 1.5 94 0.9 6,511 62.1 10,487 Nevada 5,583 60.5 118 1.3 39 0.4 435 4.7 102 1.1 2,951 32.0 9,229 New Hampshire 3,408 49.7 17 0.3 88 1.3 129 1.9 40 0.6 3,169 46.3 6,852 New Jersey 21,545 52.6 314 0.8 270 0.7 1,196 2.9 303 0.7 17,351 42.3 40,978 New Mexico 3,703 49.2 91 1.2 47 0.6 196 2.6 94 1.2 3,404 45.2 7,534 New York 44,837 56.9 528 0.7 648 0.8 2,483 3.2 626 0.8 29,673 37.7 78,794 North Carolina 18,299 48.8 1,332 3.5 181 0.5 1,377 3.7 567 1.5 15,766 42.0 37,522 North Dakota 1,172 19.3 35 0.6 9 0.1 57 0.9 44 0.7 4,746 78.3 6,063 Northern Marianas Is 41 15.0 1 0.4 27 9.8 23 8.5 0 0.0 179 66.3 270 Ohio 23,041 45.0 1,359 2.7 170 0.3 1,171 2.3 545 1.1 24,957 48.7 51,243 Oklahoma 6,463 33.7 623 3.2 57 0.3 408 2.1 208 1.1 11,408 59.5 19,167 Oregon 7,679 50.4 137 0.9 144 0.9 392 2.6 215 1.4 6,659 43.7 15,225 Pennsylvania 27,825 47.9 482 0.8 719 1.2 1,503 2.6 403 0.7 27,213 46.8 58,145 Puerto Rico 4,583 58.8 18 0.2 77 1.0 208 2.7 80 1.0 2,833 36.3 7,801 Rhode Island 3,081 59.1 27 0.5 58 1.1 114 2.2 25 0.5 1,909 36.6 5,214 South Carolina 8,561 48.4 746 4.2 103 0.6 591 3.3 314 1.8 7,371 41.7 17,687 South Dakota 1,349 23.1 34 0.6 15 0.3 84 1.4 48 0.8 4,304 73.8 5,835 Tennessee 12,517 48.2 791 3.0 132 0.5 881 3.4 301 1.2 11,350 43.7 25,971 Texas 50,054 45.7 2,321 2.1 717 0.7 3,009 2.7 2,143 2.0 51,276 46.8 109,520 Utah 6,344 57.0 61 0.6 67 0.6 248 2.2 145 1.3 4,263 38.3 11,128 Vermont 2,838 48.3 86 1.5 82 1.4 62 1.0 128 2.2 2,681 45.6 5,876 Virgin Islands 171 47.4 15 4.1 31 8.5 43 12.0 2 0.5 99 27.4 360 Virginia 18,293 59.2 204 0.7 258 0.8 1,012 3.3 229 0.7 10,924 35.3 30,920 Washington 15,783 57.4 72 0.3 198 0.7 733 2.7 422 1.5 10,279 37.4 27,486 West Virginia 2,837 41.8 119 1.8 55 0.8 122 1.8 63 0.9 3,594 52.9 6,791 Wisconsin 10,447 39.0 366 1.4 171 0.6 430 1.6 307 1.1 15,094 56.3 26,814 Wyoming 1,061 30.2 21 0.6 12 0.3 75 2.1 44 1.3 2,296 65.4 3,509 Totals 667,035 47.9 24,381 1.8 9,936 0.7 37,499 2.7 17,855 1.3 634,563 45.6 1,391,270 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009. 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and are therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Note: Figures may not add due to rounding. 15 Table 5 Number of Carriers Reporting Numbering Resources as of December 31, 2008 1 Paging Unduplicated State/jurisdiction Incumbent LEC 2 Cellular/PCS 2 CLEC 2 Carriers 2 Total Carriers Alabama 31 19 30 9 89 Alaska 23 13 3 1 40 American Samoa 0 1 0 0 1 Arizona 18 12 31 6 67 Arkansas 32 10 19 5 66 California 24 17 62 13 115 Colorado 32 17 29 5 83 Connecticut 3 7 23 3 35 Delaware 1 7 26 5 39 District of Columbia 1 6 27 4 38 Florida 15 18 58 7 97 Georgia 36 16 52 7 111 Guam 1 5 2 0 8 Hawaii 2 6 6 1 15 Idaho 24 18 21 4 67 Illinois 56 18 46 5 125 Indiana 44 17 45 5 111 Iowa 160 16 56 3 235 Kansas 46 15 30 4 95 Kentucky 21 22 44 3 90 Louisiana 22 13 31 6 72 Maine 21 7 19 3 50 Maryland 2 9 43 5 59 Massachusetts 5 10 31 3 49 Michigan 41 19 45 5 109 Minnesota 94 14 62 2 172 Mississippi 19 15 31 7 72 Missouri 45 15 38 7 105 Montana 21 8 18 1 48 Nebraska 49 14 20 2 85 Nevada 12 10 27 4 53 New Hampshire 13 9 24 4 50 New Jersey 3 9 45 4 61 New Mexico 19 15 20 3 57 New York 39 12 53 5 109 North Carolina 29 15 41 3 87 North Dakota 37 8 16 1 62 Northern Marianas Is 1 4 0 0 5 Ohio 44 20 54 2 118 Oklahoma 46 18 24 2 90 Oregon 35 12 32 3 82 Pennsylvania 39 25 56 7 126 Puerto Rico 1 7 4 1 13 Rhode Island 2 6 15 3 26 South Carolina 28 13 35 2 77 South Dakota 48 8 17 1 74 Tennessee 28 16 37 4 85 Texas 64 37 70 14 184 Utah 16 14 23 2 55 Vermont 11 6 11 4 32 Virgin Islands 1 3 0 0 4 Virginia 20 13 51 6 90 Washington 28 12 42 6 88 West Virginia 9 14 17 5 45 Wisconsin 91 20 41 6 158 Wyoming 16 14 12 1 43 Unduplicated Totals 1,375 353 1,487 82 3,287 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009. 1 Company numbers determined by counting operating company numbers (OCNs). Carriers typically obtain at least one OCN per state in which they do business. Thus, carriers with multiple OCNs are counted multiple times. An exception was made for those RBOCs that have acquired a company with CLEC operations within their operating areas. Although the acquired CLEC's numbers have been treated as Incumbent LEC numbers throughout this report, the acquired CLEC's OCN was not counted as an Incumbent LEC OCN in-region. Where the acquired CLEC operates outside of the acquiring RBOC's operating area, the CLEC's OCN was counted as a CLEC. 2 Carriers occasionally misclassify the type of service that they provide. For instance, the CLEC operations of incumbent LECs are occasionally classified as incumbent LEC operations. 16 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 201 New Jersey January-47 56.8% 0.7% 0.7% 3.2% 0.8% 37.8% 47 202 District of Columbia January-47 74.1% 0.0% 1.6% 3.2% 0.6% 20.5% 40 203 Connecticut January-47 54.6% 2.9% 0.8% 2.4% 1.6% 37.7% 36 205 Alabama January-47 50.9% 3.2% 0.3% 2.8% 2.5% 40.3% 44 206 Washington January-47 64.8% 0.2% 1.0% 2.7% 1.9% 29.5% 34 207 Maine January-47 51.9% 0.4% 1.3% 1.9% 0.9% 43.6% 50 208 Idaho January-47 41.7% 1.0% 4.9% 2.4% 1.6% 48.3% 67 209 California January-58 47.1% 1.0% 0.7% 2.2% 2.0% 47.0% 44 210 Texas November-92 63.5% 4.2% 0.6% 3.9% 1.2% 26.6% 35 212 New York January-47 75.1% 0.0% 1.7% 5.5% 1.5% 16.3% 31 213 California January-47 44.0% 0.4% 1.1% 4.8% 1.7% 47.9% 54 214 Texas January-47 62.5% 0.4% 0.6% 3.8% 2.7% 30.1% 51 215 Pennsylvania January-47 59.6% 0.4% 1.6% 3.6% 1.0% 33.8% 42 216 Ohio January-47 50.7% 0.8% 0.3% 3.5% 1.1% 43.5% 31 217 Illinois January-47 34.3% 2.3% 0.6% 1.3% 1.4% 60.1% 47 218 Minnesota January-47 22.5% 2.2% 0.4% 1.0% 0.4% 73.4% 69 219 Indiana January-47 43.5% 2.1% 1.7% 2.6% 1.3% 48.9% 35 224 Illinois January-02 44.7% 1.7% 0.3% 2.6% 1.0% 49.7% 31 225 Louisiana August-98 52.1% 3.8% 0.3% 3.5% 1.9% 38.4% 37 228 Mississippi September-97 34.2% 1.9% 0.3% 3.3% 2.8% 57.5% 30 229 Georgia August-00 28.2% 6.5% 0.4% 3.2% 0.8% 61.1% 40 231 Michigan June-99 26.4% 1.0% 0.5% 1.4% 0.6% 70.0% 38 234 Ohio October-00 19.6% 8.1% 0.4% 0.8% 0.5% 70.7% 16 239 Florida March-02 57.2% 0.6% 0.5% 4.2% 1.4% 36.1% 28 240 Maryland June-97 54.6% 0.8% 0.5% 3.1% 0.4% 40.6% 47 248 Michigan May-97 49.3% 0.7% 0.3% 2.4% 1.2% 46.1% 38 251 Alabama June-01 43.2% 2.8% 0.4% 3.3% 1.4% 49.0% 38 252 North Carolina March-98 37.8% 2.1% 0.2% 3.4% 0.4% 56.1% 34 253 Washington April-97 60.7% 0.1% 0.7% 3.3% 1.2% 34.1% 32 254 Texas May-97 32.4% 2.3% 1.5% 2.2% 2.5% 59.1% 44 256 Alabama March-98 46.8% 3.1% 0.7% 2.6% 1.5% 45.3% 45 260 Indiana January-02 39.3% 2.5% 0.7% 1.3% 1.7% 54.5% 33 262 Wisconsin September-99 40.7% 1.7% 0.6% 1.7% 0.7% 54.6% 41 267 Pennsylvania July-99 42.3% 0.6% 0.6% 3.5% 0.4% 52.6% 45 269 Michigan July-02 37.1% 1.2% 0.6% 2.0% 1.3% 57.9% 47 270 Kentucky April-99 31.6% 2.8% 0.5% 2.1% 0.8% 62.2% 52 276 Virginia September-01 35.8% 1.4% 0.3% 3.2% 0.7% 58.7% 36 281 Texas November-96 52.3% 2.6% 0.6% 3.1% 1.3% 40.1% 44 301 Maryland January-47 60.2% 0.4% 0.6% 2.4% 0.8% 35.6% 42 302 Delaware January-47 54.1% 0.3% 1.0% 3.1% 0.6% 41.0% 41 303 Colorado January-47 67.1% 0.3% 0.8% 2.7% 2.2% 26.8% 38 304 West Virginia January-47 41.8% 1.8% 0.8% 1.8% 0.9% 52.9% 45 305 Florida January-47 57.0% 4.9% 0.5% 5.0% 2.2% 30.5% 41 307 Wyoming January-47 30.2% 0.6% 0.3% 2.1% 1.3% 65.4% 43 308 Nebraska January-55 17.4% 1.2% 0.7% 1.0% 1.1% 78.6% 46 309 Illinois January-57 37.7% 1.3% 0.4% 1.1% 1.1% 58.4% 52 310 California November-91 64.8% 0.7% 0.6% 3.1% 1.7% 29.0% 49 312 Illinois January-47 54.4% 1.2% 0.5% 2.4% 1.1% 40.3% 35 313 Michigan January-47 44.9% 1.2% 0.2% 3.1% 1.2% 49.3% 34 314 Missouri January-47 56.1% 3.0% 0.5% 2.6% 1.3% 36.5% 32 315 New York January-47 43.4% 1.6% 0.8% 1.5% 0.7% 52.0% 46 316 Kansas January-47 50.1% 3.6% 0.6% 1.8% 1.6% 42.4% 28 317 Indiana January-47 54.5% 2.3% 0.6% 2.8% 1.5% 38.2% 39 318 Louisiana January-57 37.2% 3.0% 0.2% 2.8% 2.4% 54.4% 42 319 Iowa January-47 42.1% 1.8% 0.4% 1.7% 1.5% 52.5% 63 17 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 320 Minnesota March-96 22.0% 1.6% 0.8% 1.2% 0.4% 74.0% 62 321 Florida November-99 58.4% 3.5% 0.5% 4.0% 1.0% 32.5% 43 323 California June-98 54.6% 0.9% 0.4% 4.7% 1.6% 37.8% 53 325 Texas April-03 30.7% 1.1% 1.0% 1.8% 1.8% 63.7% 35 330 Ohio March-96 47.2% 2.4% 0.3% 2.3% 0.9% 47.0% 42 331 Illinois October-07 10.1% 1.7% 0.1% 0.9% 0.3% 86.9% 16 334 Alabama January-95 32.8% 3.5% 0.4% 2.7% 0.8% 59.7% 59 336 North Carolina December-97 49.5% 3.7% 0.5% 5.2% 1.2% 39.9% 52 337 Louisiana October-99 38.0% 2.7% 0.4% 2.6% 0.8% 55.4% 39 339 Massachusetts May-01 38.0% 2.8% 1.2% 1.2% 0.8% 56.0% 17 340 Virgin Islands June-97 47.4% 4.1% 8.5% 12.0% 0.5% 27.4% 4 347 New York October-99 66.3% 0.5% 0.4% 6.1% 0.6% 26.1% 35 351 Massachusetts May-01 25.6% 0.0% 0.0% 1.9% 0.1% 72.4% 1 352 Florida December-95 49.0% 2.5% 0.1% 3.9% 1.2% 43.3% 40 360 Washington January-95 52.1% 0.3% 0.5% 2.4% 1.4% 43.3% 60 361 Texas February-99 24.3% 1.9% 0.2% 1.4% 1.3% 70.9% 36 386 Florida February-01 47.1% 4.2% 0.2% 3.3% 0.9% 44.2% 42 401 Rhode Island January-47 59.1% 0.5% 1.1% 2.2% 0.5% 36.6% 26 402 Nebraska January-47 41.2% 1.3% 0.3% 1.7% 0.8% 54.7% 56 404 Georgia January-47 63.7% 4.3% 0.5% 3.9% 3.1% 24.5% 41 405 Oklahoma January-47 46.1% 4.0% 0.3% 3.8% 1.2% 44.6% 39 406 Montana January-47 25.2% 0.4% 0.6% 1.5% 0.6% 71.7% 48 407 Florida April-88 55.1% 3.7% 0.3% 4.5% 1.6% 34.8% 44 408 California January-59 59.0% 2.3% 0.4% 2.5% 1.1% 34.7% 45 409 Texas November-82 32.5% 5.4% 0.3% 2.2% 1.3% 58.3% 37 410 Maryland October-91 60.7% 0.4% 1.2% 3.1% 0.8% 33.9% 42 412 Pennsylvania January-47 48.2% 0.5% 1.4% 3.2% 1.0% 45.7% 35 413 Massachusetts January-47 53.7% 1.2% 1.1% 1.9% 0.4% 41.6% 36 414 Wisconsin January-47 55.8% 1.6% 0.7% 2.9% 1.5% 37.5% 29 415 California January-47 53.4% 1.5% 0.6% 2.6% 1.5% 40.6% 48 417 Missouri January-50 32.7% 3.6% 0.5% 1.8% 1.3% 60.1% 47 419 Ohio January-47 36.5% 5.5% 0.5% 1.8% 1.4% 54.3% 67 423 Tennessee September-95 45.7% 2.5% 0.4% 3.3% 0.9% 47.2% 48 424 California August-06 37.6% 4.6% 1.5% 3.0% 0.4% 52.9% 39 425 Washington April-97 62.9% 0.2% 0.9% 2.6% 1.9% 31.5% 34 430 Texas February-03 6.5% 0.0% 0.1% 0.5% 14.0% 78.9% 8 432 Texas April-03 36.2% 2.7% 1.5% 2.9% 1.6% 55.2% 26 434 Virginia June-01 46.7% 1.8% 0.8% 3.8% 0.7% 46.4% 30 435 Utah September-97 31.1% 0.3% 0.8% 1.4% 1.0% 65.4% 51 440 Ohio August-97 44.4% 2.0% 0.3% 2.2% 0.6% 50.6% 39 442 California November-09 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 2 443 Maryland June-97 52.0% 0.6% 0.7% 3.0% 0.4% 43.3% 45 469 Texas July-99 53.0% 0.6% 0.6% 2.9% 1.1% 41.9% 43 478 Georgia August-00 40.8% 4.3% 0.4% 3.2% 1.1% 50.2% 42 479 Arkansas January-02 40.2% 3.1% 0.7% 2.4% 0.9% 52.7% 38 480 Arizona March-99 76.1% 0.3% 0.9% 4.0% 1.1% 17.6% 34 484 Pennsylvania June-99 38.6% 1.1% 1.7% 1.8% 0.2% 56.6% 53 501 Arkansas January-47 45.6% 3.8% 0.3% 2.1% 2.1% 46.1% 35 502 Kentucky January-47 51.6% 4.4% 0.4% 3.5% 2.2% 37.8% 32 503 Oregon January-47 60.5% 0.7% 0.5% 2.8% 1.8% 33.8% 49 504 Louisiana January-47 49.6% 4.5% 0.3% 4.1% 1.7% 39.8% 32 505 New Mexico January-47 60.6% 0.8% 0.6% 3.0% 1.6% 33.3% 32 507 Minnesota January-54 22.9% 1.2% 2.4% 1.2% 0.5% 71.9% 82 508 Massachusetts July-88 59.1% 0.6% 1.9% 2.5% 1.0% 34.9% 39 509 Washington January-57 49.8% 0.6% 0.6% 2.6% 1.3% 45.2% 53 18 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 510 California September-91 51.1% 2.5% 0.6% 2.7% 1.3% 41.8% 39 512 Texas January-47 58.0% 2.8% 0.9% 3.0% 2.2% 33.1% 43 513 Ohio January-47 58.2% 0.7% 0.3% 3.1% 1.2% 36.5% 33 515 Iowa January-47 50.8% 1.4% 0.7% 1.5% 1.1% 44.6% 51 516 New York January-51 57.6% 0.1% 0.7% 3.3% 0.8% 37.5% 39 517 Michigan January-47 35.3% 1.1% 0.3% 1.5% 1.4% 60.4% 53 518 New York January-47 48.6% 1.4% 0.8% 1.8% 0.8% 46.7% 48 520 Arizona March-95 61.1% 0.3% 0.8% 3.2% 1.1% 33.5% 44 530 California November-97 41.9% 1.1% 0.3% 1.6% 1.1% 53.9% 52 540 Virginia July-95 51.8% 0.9% 0.8% 2.8% 0.9% 42.6% 48 541 Oregon November-95 39.1% 0.9% 1.5% 2.1% 1.1% 55.3% 59 551 New Jersey December-01 72.9% 1.3% 0.7% 3.5% 0.2% 21.3% 15 559 California November-98 46.2% 1.9% 0.3% 2.4% 1.8% 47.4% 37 561 Florida May-96 60.8% 4.2% 0.5% 4.2% 2.3% 28.1% 41 562 California January-97 50.5% 0.5% 0.5% 3.4% 2.4% 42.7% 52 563 Iowa March-01 37.2% 1.5% 0.3% 2.1% 0.7% 58.2% 53 567 Ohio January-02 24.3% 4.2% 0.2% 0.5% 0.2% 70.5% 34 570 Pennsylvania December-98 42.9% 1.1% 1.7% 2.4% 0.7% 51.1% 52 571 Virginia March-00 64.4% 0.1% 1.4% 2.9% 0.6% 30.5% 37 573 Missouri January-96 31.3% 1.6% 0.5% 1.7% 0.6% 64.4% 46 574 Indiana January-02 41.0% 2.6% 0.4% 1.5% 1.0% 53.6% 38 575 New Mexico October-07 33.2% 1.8% 0.6% 2.0% 0.7% 61.6% 41 580 Oklahoma November-97 17.9% 2.3% 0.2% 1.0% 1.0% 77.7% 49 585 New York November-01 43.5% 1.3% 1.4% 1.1% 0.6% 52.0% 34 586 Michigan September-01 40.5% 0.4% 0.5% 2.5% 0.5% 55.6% 32 601 Mississippi January-47 31.7% 2.7% 0.6% 2.7% 2.3% 60.1% 45 602 Arizona January-47 66.6% 0.3% 0.7% 3.3% 1.0% 28.0% 35 603 New Hampshire January-47 49.7% 0.3% 1.3% 1.9% 0.6% 46.3% 50 605 South Dakota January-47 23.1% 0.6% 0.3% 1.4% 0.8% 73.8% 74 606 Kentucky January-55 27.6% 1.4% 0.6% 1.7% 1.7% 67.0% 41 607 New York January-54 39.3% 1.5% 0.3% 1.4% 0.3% 57.2% 31 608 Wisconsin January-55 40.8% 1.0% 0.7% 1.5% 1.5% 54.5% 74 609 New Jersey January-57 55.7% 0.8% 0.6% 2.4% 0.6% 40.0% 43 610 Pennsylvania January-94 57.9% 0.2% 2.1% 2.4% 0.7% 36.7% 54 612 Minnesota January-47 63.4% 0.6% 0.4% 2.4% 1.4% 31.8% 40 614 Ohio January-47 54.8% 2.5% 0.4% 2.9% 1.8% 37.6% 35 615 Tennessee January-54 55.9% 4.0% 0.5% 3.7% 1.4% 34.6% 37 616 Michigan January-47 49.1% 0.7% 0.6% 2.3% 1.6% 45.8% 39 617 Massachusetts January-47 62.1% 0.3% 1.9% 3.7% 1.0% 31.0% 36 618 Illinois January-47 34.6% 0.7% 0.7% 1.5% 1.2% 61.3% 53 619 California January-82 57.0% 1.4% 0.5% 3.4% 2.0% 35.7% 46 620 Kansas February-01 18.4% 4.3% 1.0% 1.1% 0.4% 74.9% 64 623 Arizona March-99 72.7% 0.7% 1.0% 5.2% 1.7% 18.7% 30 626 California June-97 54.7% 0.8% 0.7% 3.3% 1.4% 39.2% 52 630 Illinois August-96 51.3% 1.4% 1.2% 2.3% 0.8% 43.0% 33 631 New York November-99 51.0% 0.2% 0.6% 3.2% 0.5% 44.5% 37 636 Missouri May-99 37.5% 1.9% 0.7% 2.0% 0.8% 57.1% 30 641 Iowa July-00 28.4% 2.0% 0.5% 1.0% 0.3% 67.8% 61 646 New York July-99 79.2% 0.3% 0.8% 4.8% 0.7% 14.2% 40 650 California August-97 46.5% 3.0% 0.4% 2.2% 1.0% 47.0% 41 651 Minnesota July-98 67.5% 0.4% 0.7% 2.4% 1.1% 27.8% 47 657 California September-08 6.3% 5.0% 25.0% 0.0% 0.0% 63.7% 8 660 Missouri October-97 14.9% 1.3% 0.6% 1.0% 0.6% 81.7% 46 661 California February-99 50.0% 1.5% 0.4% 2.8% 1.9% 43.4% 52 662 Mississippi April-99 26.1% 2.6% 1.0% 2.4% 1.1% 66.8% 58 670 Northern Mariana Is. July-97 15.0% 0.4% 9.8% 8.5% 0.0% 66.3% 5 671 Guam July-97 34.0% 0.0% 0.7% 1.8% 0.6% 62.9% 8 678 Georgia January-98 52.2% 1.8% 0.8% 4.2% 1.3% 39.7% 49 682 Texas October-00 47.1% 0.6% 0.3% 4.0% 2.3% 45.6% 29 684 American Samoa October-04 80.8% 0.0% 4.8% 0.2% 2.5% 11.7% 1 19 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 701 North Dakota January-47 19.3% 0.6% 0.1% 0.9% 0.7% 78.3% 62 702 Nevada January-47 67.5% 0.8% 0.4% 6.2% 0.9% 24.3% 36 703 Virginia January-47 69.3% 0.1% 0.7% 2.9% 0.5% 26.5% 41 704 North Carolina January-47 55.0% 4.7% 0.5% 3.5% 1.8% 34.5% 43 706 Georgia May-92 43.5% 2.7% 0.6% 3.0% 1.6% 48.7% 72 707 California January-59 44.0% 2.7% 0.5% 1.7% 1.5% 49.7% 45 708 Illinois November-89 42.0% 0.8% 1.1% 2.5% 0.7% 52.8% 32 712 Iowa January-47 20.6% 1.4% 2.7% 1.1% 0.4% 73.8% 95 713 Texas January-47 59.3% 2.6% 1.3% 2.6% 1.1% 33.1% 40 714 California January-51 58.7% 0.7% 0.7% 3.4% 1.9% 34.6% 53 715 Wisconsin January-47 28.6% 1.2% 0.5% 1.1% 0.9% 67.8% 91 716 New York January-47 52.1% 1.7% 0.9% 2.2% 0.8% 42.3% 35 717 Pennsylvania January-47 56.4% 0.9% 0.9% 2.3% 0.9% 38.6% 42 718 New York September-84 65.2% 0.1% 1.0% 4.3% 1.2% 28.2% 35 719 Colorado March-88 48.8% 0.5% 1.2% 3.6% 1.2% 44.7% 47 720 Colorado June-98 69.0% 1.3% 0.9% 4.6% 1.5% 22.7% 31 724 Pennsylvania February-98 37.4% 1.6% 0.6% 2.5% 0.5% 57.4% 57 727 Florida July-98 58.5% 1.5% 0.8% 3.3% 3.0% 33.0% 39 731 Tennessee February-01 28.1% 1.7% 0.5% 2.5% 0.8% 66.5% 34 732 New Jersey June-97 52.9% 0.8% 0.7% 3.2% 0.6% 41.9% 38 734 Michigan December-97 44.4% 0.5% 0.4% 1.9% 1.0% 51.8% 46 740 Ohio December-97 35.8% 3.2% 0.2% 1.7% 0.9% 58.1% 48 754 Florida August-01 70.7% 1.9% 0.1% 2.6% 1.5% 23.1% 11 757 Virginia July-96 63.5% 0.5% 0.8% 3.4% 0.7% 31.1% 30 760 California March-97 52.1% 1.6% 0.6% 3.2% 1.9% 40.6% 60 762 Georgia May-06 12.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 87.8% 8 763 Minnesota February-00 61.3% 0.2% 1.1% 2.6% 0.9% 33.9% 47 765 Indiana February-97 31.2% 2.2% 0.2% 1.3% 0.8% 64.3% 57 769 Mississippi March-05 13.6% 1.1% 0.4% 1.7% 1.5% 81.7% 16 770 Georgia August-95 55.4% 7.5% 0.5% 3.2% 2.0% 31.5% 41 772 Florida February-02 53.9% 3.2% 0.3% 4.8% 3.1% 34.7% 37 773 Illinois October-96 52.6% 0.7% 0.7% 4.3% 0.7% 41.0% 35 774 Massachusetts May-01 30.4% 1.9% 1.0% 1.4% 0.5% 64.8% 32 775 Nevada December-98 47.6% 2.1% 0.5% 2.1% 1.6% 46.2% 41 779 Illinois March-07 23.3% 1.3% 7.2% 2.4% 0.2% 65.6% 18 781 Massachusetts September-97 46.3% 0.3% 0.9% 2.2% 0.5% 49.7% 35 785 Kansas July-97 22.3% 3.7% 0.5% 1.1% 1.0% 71.3% 56 786 Florida March-98 67.0% 1.1% 0.5% 4.6% 2.6% 24.1% 40 787 Puerto Rico March-96 60.5% 0.2% 0.9% 2.8% 1.1% 34.5% 13 801 Utah January-47 69.4% 0.7% 0.5% 2.6% 1.5% 25.3% 30 802 Vermont January-47 48.3% 1.5% 1.4% 1.0% 2.2% 45.6% 33 803 South Carolina January-47 49.4% 5.2% 0.3% 3.4% 1.8% 40.0% 55 804 Virginia June-73 59.8% 0.9% 1.1% 4.0% 1.0% 33.2% 32 805 California January-57 48.4% 1.2% 0.5% 2.0% 2.1% 45.7% 56 806 Texas January-57 27.0% 2.7% 0.3% 1.8% 1.5% 66.7% 49 808 Hawaii January-57 56.6% 0.3% 0.6% 2.2% 3.8% 36.5% 15 810 Michigan December-93 35.7% 0.4% 0.4% 2.2% 2.6% 58.7% 36 812 Indiana January-47 36.2% 2.3% 0.6% 2.1% 1.5% 57.4% 56 813 Florida January-53 60.6% 1.3% 0.8% 3.4% 2.5% 31.3% 41 814 Pennsylvania January-47 40.9% 1.2% 0.4% 1.3% 0.8% 55.5% 49 815 Illinois January-47 42.3% 1.6% 0.2% 1.7% 1.0% 53.3% 61 816 Missouri January-47 48.0% 3.1% 0.4% 2.6% 1.3% 44.8% 43 817 Texas January-53 50.4% 1.5% 0.7% 3.0% 2.8% 41.6% 43 818 California January-84 57.7% 1.2% 0.5% 3.2% 1.4% 35.9% 52 828 North Carolina March-98 44.5% 2.6% 0.4% 2.8% 1.8% 47.9% 40 830 Texas July-97 20.9% 0.9% 0.2% 1.1% 0.8% 76.1% 47 831 California July-98 44.0% 2.6% 0.6% 1.9% 1.6% 49.3% 38 832 Texas January-99 62.7% 0.0% 0.6% 4.7% 1.1% 30.8% 37 843 South Carolina March-98 45.7% 3.4% 0.3% 3.3% 2.1% 45.3% 49 845 New York June-00 48.5% 1.1% 0.6% 2.3% 1.0% 46.6% 50 20 Table 6 Telephone Number Utilization by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available OCNs 847 Illinois January-96 58.6% 0.9% 1.5% 2.3% 0.9% 35.8% 33 848 New Jersey December-01 50.6% 1.0% 0.2% 2.8% 0.1% 45.4% 18 850 Florida June-97 41.8% 4.5% 0.9% 4.5% 1.6% 46.6% 49 856 New Jersey June-99 44.8% 0.9% 0.6% 2.4% 0.6% 50.7% 40 857 Massachusetts May-01 41.8% 0.3% 0.2% 2.7% 1.1% 54.0% 27 858 California June-99 54.2% 2.4% 0.9% 3.3% 1.8% 37.4% 39 859 Kentucky April-00 44.5% 1.8% 0.6% 2.4% 0.6% 50.1% 46 860 Connecticut August-95 49.1% 1.7% 0.6% 1.9% 1.0% 45.6% 32 862 New Jersey December-01 54.5% 1.8% 0.4% 4.1% 0.6% 38.6% 29 863 Florida September-99 44.4% 1.7% 0.9% 3.1% 2.2% 47.7% 40 864 South Carolina December-95 50.7% 4.2% 1.3% 3.4% 1.4% 39.0% 33 865 Tennessee November-99 53.9% 4.2% 0.4% 3.3% 1.5% 36.7% 32 870 Arkansas April-97 25.5% 2.9% 0.5% 1.5% 0.6% 68.9% 46 901 Tennessee January-47 60.7% 3.9% 0.6% 4.8% 1.5% 28.5% 30 903 Texas November-90 37.5% 3.0% 0.6% 2.3% 2.3% 54.3% 61 904 Florida July-65 56.2% 4.5% 0.6% 4.1% 2.8% 31.9% 41 906 Michigan March-61 16.9% 0.8% 0.3% 0.6% 1.2% 80.0% 25 907 Alaska January-57 26.2% 0.7% 2.2% 1.4% 0.4% 69.0% 40 908 New Jersey November-90 45.0% 0.8% 0.4% 2.2% 1.0% 50.5% 42 909 California November-92 58.7% 1.3% 0.6% 4.1% 1.9% 33.4% 50 910 North Carolina November-93 42.9% 3.0% 0.7% 3.8% 1.7% 47.9% 43 912 Georgia January-54 40.8% 4.2% 0.6% 3.5% 1.5% 49.5% 51 913 Kansas January-47 53.2% 2.1% 0.7% 2.6% 1.9% 39.7% 40 914 New York January-47 50.8% 0.2% 0.9% 2.6% 0.7% 44.7% 41 915 Texas January-47 57.0% 2.2% 0.3% 4.8% 6.0% 29.7% 31 916 California January-47 59.8% 1.1% 0.4% 2.9% 1.8% 34.1% 46 917 New York January-92 58.1% 0.3% 0.3% 2.1% 0.4% 38.8% 30 918 Oklahoma January-53 38.1% 3.5% 0.4% 1.8% 1.1% 55.0% 64 919 North Carolina January-54 57.0% 4.4% 0.6% 3.1% 1.8% 33.0% 44 920 Wisconsin July-97 36.0% 1.5% 0.7% 1.4% 1.2% 59.3% 63 925 California March-98 45.1% 2.5% 0.8% 2.1% 1.5% 48.0% 39 928 Arizona June-01 46.2% 0.7% 0.5% 1.7% 0.5% 50.4% 50 931 Tennessee September-97 37.4% 1.4% 0.7% 2.4% 0.7% 57.3% 44 936 Texas February-00 31.6% 1.9% 0.5% 1.4% 0.9% 63.7% 36 937 Ohio September-96 40.7% 2.4% 0.4% 1.6% 0.7% 54.2% 44 939 Puerto Rico September-01 33.2% 0.1% 1.7% 1.3% 0.1% 63.7% 8 940 Texas May-97 29.2% 1.7% 0.2% 2.0% 4.4% 62.6% 52 941 Florida May-95 54.8% 1.8% 0.8% 3.5% 2.3% 36.9% 41 947 Michigan September-02 91.5% 3.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 4.7% 3 949 California April-98 58.6% 1.3% 0.9% 3.2% 1.9% 34.1% 49 951 California July-04 66.6% 1.4% 0.4% 4.3% 1.9% 25.5% 44 952 Minnesota February-00 57.9% 0.3% 0.5% 2.6% 0.9% 37.8% 45 954 Florida September-95 57.1% 5.0% 0.5% 4.2% 2.1% 31.1% 40 956 Texas July-97 48.0% 2.9% 0.2% 4.0% 2.8% 42.0% 33 970 Colorado April-95 43.5% 0.8% 0.4% 1.9% 1.3% 52.2% 60 971 Oregon October-00 53.7% 2.9% 0.4% 4.2% 0.8% 38.0% 24 972 Texas September-96 53.0% 1.5% 0.8% 2.5% 2.0% 40.1% 48 973 New Jersey June-97 56.0% 0.6% 0.9% 3.5% 0.8% 38.2% 44 978 Massachusetts September-97 46.2% 0.9% 1.2% 2.5% 0.6% 48.7% 39 979 Texas February-00 27.6% 1.6% 0.7% 1.6% 1.7% 66.8% 40 980 North Carolina April-01 49.9% 2.1% 0.2% 3.3% 2.6% 41.9% 21 985 Louisiana February-01 39.5% 3.0% 0.5% 3.8% 1.1% 52.1% 36 989 Michigan April-01 27.1% 0.8% 0.6% 1.3% 1.2% 69.0% 46 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009. Area code information is from NeuStar, Inc.'s website. 21 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 201 2,476 165 1,803 38 1,536 62 439 6 202 3,129 123 609 30 1,147 61 176 6 203 2,578 114 2,175 26 1,668 72 347 7 205 1,731 89 1,542 29 1,510 92 667 13 206 2,231 88 1,179 27 1,406 64 110 5 207 2,689 95 2,431 40 1,047 45 585 7 208 1,485 60 2,274 45 1,183 92 771 18 209 1,462 56 1,806 30 1,210 67 512 9 210 1,916 104 914 24 1,691 117 270 7 212 5,691 418 1,248 26 65 4 0 5 213 1,155 141 885 40 662 61 474 6 214 2,303 143 1,284 39 2,282 135 256 6 215 3,301 212 1,610 33 1,339 67 338 6 216 1,398 80 1,202 22 957 84 386 7 217 1,058 37 2,941 35 969 38 548 10 218 681 26 3,077 59 532 30 864 8 219 666 49 1,002 21 660 30 320 9 224 283 15 487 24 430 26 306 7 225 905 54 663 25 742 58 331 8 228 353 35 779 17 368 35 288 9 229 623 49 1,426 29 598 62 1,185 9 231 633 25 2,157 28 502 34 567 8 234 30 1 99 12 16 1 68 4 239 985 84 555 18 775 45 349 7 240 1,076 61 1,356 37 1,189 67 321 7 248 1,959 122 2,350 30 1,386 38 398 6 251 688 44 991 27 659 59 417 8 252 1,076 107 2,121 21 863 66 651 12 253 1,507 81 1,132 25 930 50 115 5 254 638 50 1,827 27 712 43 549 13 256 1,349 95 1,772 28 1,741 81 1,029 13 260 667 22 1,086 22 548 17 518 8 262 1,210 56 1,881 29 736 25 354 9 267 1,076 85 2,301 37 1,200 102 528 7 269 745 32 1,461 31 633 42 450 12 270 1,325 74 3,427 36 907 76 918 14 276 377 42 881 22 323 21 265 12 281 2,589 168 2,482 33 1,463 69 144 6 301 3,264 136 1,924 32 1,329 46 186 7 302 1,665 95 1,481 29 828 46 192 7 303 3,752 172 1,561 27 1,456 37 46 7 304 1,451 53 2,822 26 1,375 68 726 14 305 2,691 214 1,081 28 1,350 87 149 7 307 563 24 1,255 28 497 51 1,029 14 308 260 16 1,868 38 302 17 676 8 309 1,357 34 2,903 40 783 29 375 9 310 3,202 142 1,243 36 1,959 108 261 6 312 2,702 100 1,295 25 833 45 635 7 313 1,401 103 1,376 26 1,252 83 854 6 314 1,856 92 1,376 21 1,558 67 356 7 315 1,383 45 2,500 36 1,184 42 348 7 316 567 17 804 16 603 24 93 9 317 1,952 100 1,878 29 1,523 77 157 7 318 1,084 72 1,871 29 1,013 87 1,026 10 319 1,166 46 1,787 54 603 25 399 7 320 454 29 2,319 51 377 18 457 9 321 907 44 648 31 837 54 213 7 323 1,864 125 1,507 39 1,757 192 678 6 325 409 14 1,074 21 371 30 262 10 330 1,814 77 2,317 30 1,710 92 592 10 22 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 331 2 0 43 11 22 2 165 5 334 987 62 1,995 43 886 85 1,226 13 336 1,783 224 1,874 41 1,452 117 460 10 337 888 72 1,426 28 858 48 934 7 339 72 2 165 13 99 3 86 4 340 61 33 49 1 110 10 50 3 347 927 58 484 29 2,582 265 900 6 351 0 0 0 0 3 0 7 1 352 1,149 95 1,166 26 1,068 82 557 9 360 2,275 104 2,455 49 1,428 66 451 7 361 563 23 1,200 24 665 46 1,133 9 386 699 47 765 31 629 45 355 8 401 2,130 69 1,480 17 930 44 227 6 402 1,794 45 3,200 43 1,188 75 680 11 404 2,078 126 814 31 2,127 130 204 7 405 1,439 66 1,840 26 1,209 151 449 11 406 912 35 3,504 39 726 64 1,162 8 407 1,986 183 1,478 32 1,538 99 300 7 408 2,698 109 1,515 32 1,541 68 358 6 409 518 40 1,037 24 575 33 291 8 410 3,534 195 1,642 32 1,195 45 126 5 412 1,743 156 2,147 26 1,210 38 342 6 413 1,739 53 1,550 25 660 32 194 8 414 1,264 59 892 18 955 56 256 7 415 2,374 117 2,020 35 1,283 57 188 6 417 768 36 2,214 34 794 51 594 9 419 1,405 58 2,777 53 1,277 71 781 12 423 1,236 84 1,688 35 1,244 93 634 11 424 173 6 293 33 141 20 149 6 425 2,110 77 1,350 27 973 50 98 5 430 1 0 41 5 3 0 16 3 432 386 13 865 18 403 29 250 5 434 690 62 915 18 552 39 270 9 435 647 23 1,515 35 476 27 780 14 440 1,258 70 2,019 29 1,073 48 365 8 442 0 0 103 2 0 0 0 0 443 1,532 89 2,183 35 1,775 102 565 7 469 646 26 937 36 734 49 143 6 478 626 38 811 28 531 43 562 10 479 658 29 1,214 26 673 50 468 7 480 2,151 104 667 23 1,291 76 101 7 484 1,377 58 2,968 41 900 49 369 11 501 1,220 34 1,449 24 899 65 528 8 502 1,252 95 1,173 22 1,162 70 415 8 503 2,822 143 2,097 41 1,744 72 184 6 504 1,212 98 982 21 974 83 361 7 505 1,454 61 895 18 1,179 70 326 11 507 743 30 3,479 70 572 37 615 10 508 3,098 139 2,161 30 1,355 45 261 6 509 1,686 92 1,847 40 1,163 58 682 10 510 1,960 105 1,641 26 1,442 71 497 6 512 2,341 100 1,399 31 1,531 81 306 8 513 2,030 79 1,380 24 1,409 106 388 7 515 1,518 44 1,578 38 699 21 348 10 516 1,782 132 1,241 30 1,545 56 473 6 517 971 37 2,214 41 749 38 415 10 518 1,566 57 2,092 37 1,136 41 269 7 520 1,541 60 862 31 1,092 80 334 8 530 1,619 57 2,577 39 956 41 417 9 540 1,508 73 1,400 36 1,276 80 766 9 23 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 541 1,487 88 2,896 44 1,208 58 809 12 551 23 0 13 11 167 9 42 4 559 1,395 62 1,944 27 1,228 75 251 6 561 1,817 114 744 30 1,192 64 272 6 562 1,456 97 1,397 38 1,269 88 449 6 563 600 38 1,273 45 386 18 242 7 567 249 1 844 26 106 6 186 8 570 1,481 103 2,409 37 1,220 44 688 13 571 350 10 296 30 685 36 176 5 573 842 50 2,783 32 874 41 651 9 574 637 24 992 26 560 20 504 9 575 543 25 1,491 29 507 38 445 11 580 533 24 3,702 34 619 39 1,296 14 585 946 11 1,866 23 944 34 234 9 586 758 61 976 24 745 32 594 6 601 1,226 80 3,267 30 1,192 127 1,094 12 602 2,419 87 737 23 1,584 114 373 7 603 2,255 89 2,371 37 1,124 39 644 9 605 745 38 3,391 65 599 46 910 8 606 734 34 2,253 27 668 50 1,132 13 607 732 27 1,657 23 609 20 273 7 608 1,167 41 1,907 59 942 34 721 12 609 1,852 75 1,679 32 1,495 70 453 7 610 3,054 145 2,112 41 1,305 32 211 8 612 1,185 46 851 31 1,370 50 177 7 614 2,032 114 1,662 27 1,375 70 253 6 615 2,012 144 1,630 26 1,485 87 206 8 616 1,045 40 1,180 26 828 47 208 10 617 3,379 232 1,923 28 1,429 52 273 5 618 1,037 36 2,817 38 985 48 576 12 619 1,729 103 1,063 33 1,726 104 387 6 620 556 34 3,139 48 439 26 917 13 623 846 62 263 20 563 39 66 7 626 1,598 88 1,305 38 1,332 86 288 6 630 2,369 120 1,841 24 1,553 55 1,092 6 631 1,918 149 2,324 28 1,198 49 219 6 636 773 45 1,518 20 403 18 200 7 641 922 25 2,342 49 334 18 646 11 646 1,787 76 411 34 2,373 176 332 6 650 1,936 98 2,231 28 874 35 211 6 651 1,651 59 802 38 800 29 103 7 657 2 0 7 6 0 0 19 2 660 287 27 2,700 34 295 14 498 11 661 1,333 59 1,366 38 1,073 73 208 7 662 904 59 3,031 42 790 95 1,318 12 670 17 23 94 1 24 0 85 4 671 99 7 328 3 108 4 56 5 678 1,928 180 2,389 37 1,879 126 476 9 682 143 3 280 22 232 29 63 6 684 0 0 0 0 24 0 4 1 701 635 17 3,619 53 537 40 1,127 8 702 2,228 226 997 26 1,796 141 267 7 703 3,860 186 1,611 33 1,567 38 84 5 704 2,500 112 1,859 34 1,703 152 399 7 706 1,766 94 2,120 50 1,462 128 1,282 15 707 1,743 63 2,394 30 1,088 48 357 9 708 1,519 106 1,939 22 1,149 52 868 7 712 578 30 2,671 82 374 19 735 13 713 3,015 123 1,597 30 1,431 69 48 6 714 2,460 136 1,451 38 2,089 128 416 6 24 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 715 981 31 2,599 71 874 38 1,733 16 716 1,395 67 1,494 25 1,141 41 369 9 717 2,029 90 1,957 32 1,569 52 322 6 718 3,973 261 2,022 28 914 59 90 6 719 1,272 108 1,427 33 846 50 362 10 720 1,042 70 607 22 1,298 87 154 7 724 1,352 130 3,256 44 1,136 34 427 10 727 1,463 72 969 27 1,037 54 214 7 731 422 49 1,430 25 437 28 530 7 732 2,674 187 2,280 29 1,392 55 318 6 734 1,321 74 2,387 37 1,165 32 277 7 740 1,131 51 2,391 33 1,020 53 798 13 754 42 0 5 8 113 6 46 3 757 2,266 115 1,068 18 1,621 95 526 7 760 2,102 128 2,011 41 1,682 105 422 11 762 10 0 52 6 0 0 20 2 763 1,097 48 762 38 446 16 62 7 765 950 39 2,613 43 844 35 904 11 769 6 0 135 9 47 7 184 7 770 2,938 192 1,681 28 1,300 54 84 9 772 633 63 362 26 432 24 228 7 773 1,912 139 1,543 25 1,977 179 1,116 7 774 224 9 944 24 475 24 544 7 775 919 33 1,167 29 616 33 283 9 779 10 1 35 12 28 3 72 6 781 2,664 135 2,982 27 741 30 372 5 785 697 33 3,176 43 561 30 820 10 786 665 28 464 30 1,306 92 241 7 787 1,825 14 1,635 5 2,590 188 848 7 801 3,462 123 1,492 22 1,728 73 153 6 802 2,358 42 2,353 23 451 20 272 6 803 1,665 77 1,518 42 1,333 130 602 11 804 1,840 138 1,134 21 1,249 71 335 7 805 1,863 71 2,008 41 1,332 63 507 7 806 731 33 2,759 36 702 64 768 11 808 1,582 46 1,267 8 1,236 64 202 6 810 630 55 1,520 26 740 30 441 8 812 1,167 86 2,542 41 1,095 46 915 11 813 1,998 103 1,003 30 1,320 78 353 7 814 1,357 46 2,601 31 1,000 25 533 15 815 1,601 66 2,979 47 1,317 48 477 11 816 1,410 82 2,012 31 1,212 59 232 8 817 2,193 152 2,563 34 1,619 72 149 6 818 2,480 127 1,378 38 1,804 111 402 6 828 1,118 66 1,500 30 950 67 603 9 830 489 20 1,550 29 397 29 505 13 831 912 32 1,232 26 589 33 163 6 832 775 63 963 28 2,228 164 414 6 843 1,613 87 2,095 37 1,382 128 670 11 845 1,516 69 1,802 41 948 44 377 7 847 3,163 141 1,968 24 1,384 33 488 6 848 16 0 47 14 130 8 85 4 850 1,284 154 1,967 33 1,254 106 724 11 856 1,494 80 1,972 30 735 41 228 7 857 160 5 295 21 248 21 232 6 858 1,421 99 1,080 28 595 25 116 6 859 1,096 47 1,670 31 911 60 481 12 860 2,096 78 2,621 22 1,497 62 394 7 862 98 5 133 24 342 28 178 5 863 809 51 809 27 655 47 574 9 25 Table 7 Assigned, Aging and Available Telephone Numbers by Area Code as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands except OCNs) Wireline (Incumbent LECs and CLECs) Wireless (Cellular/PCS) Area Code Assigned Aging Available OCNs Assigned Aging Available OCNs 864 1,335 75 1,290 26 1,191 93 415 6 865 895 49 823 23 836 57 147 7 870 759 39 2,977 35 828 55 1,192 9 901 1,318 110 696 21 1,123 82 119 7 903 1,166 67 2,412 40 1,234 83 822 16 904 1,638 112 1,034 28 1,306 103 354 8 906 229 9 1,458 18 258 9 843 7 907 951 34 3,188 26 590 49 846 13 908 1,417 89 2,158 33 1,231 42 632 6 909 1,754 112 815 36 1,535 116 350 6 910 1,289 120 1,959 32 1,246 103 727 9 912 876 61 1,222 36 822 85 758 12 913 1,070 51 1,073 28 785 38 163 8 914 1,622 98 1,461 32 1,015 36 574 6 915 679 58 460 19 659 52 148 9 916 2,298 116 1,430 34 1,552 73 297 6 917 739 20 240 22 2,952 112 441 5 918 1,370 57 2,789 49 1,222 64 805 13 919 2,329 96 1,612 31 1,639 121 391 11 920 1,189 45 2,047 44 1,045 41 1,159 15 925 1,608 83 1,945 26 879 33 282 6 928 1,122 28 1,424 34 757 43 639 11 931 681 49 1,596 32 765 44 463 9 936 585 17 1,080 23 436 28 260 8 937 1,403 41 2,495 32 1,165 59 535 10 939 2 0 97 2 161 7 216 6 940 513 36 1,668 38 459 31 378 11 941 968 57 623 28 695 37 313 8 947 0 0 12 2 606 0 19 1 949 1,774 107 1,067 36 931 38 148 6 951 1,288 85 667 33 1,361 86 253 6 952 1,316 63 952 37 381 13 30 6 954 2,165 155 1,195 30 1,584 92 247 6 956 862 42 814 20 1,350 142 673 10 970 1,325 54 1,969 42 970 46 724 14 971 128 14 218 18 249 15 49 6 972 3,160 157 2,470 38 811 34 101 7 973 2,993 195 2,195 34 1,377 70 276 7 978 2,405 141 2,988 30 978 43 361 6 979 491 15 1,074 24 404 26 400 9 980 109 1 115 14 152 17 104 7 985 663 73 1,045 25 635 51 547 9 989 785 32 2,497 31 736 40 977 13 Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009. 26 Table 8 Pooled Thousands-blocks as of December 31, 2008 Incumbent LECs and CLECs Cellular/PCS Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks Pooled Thousands- Total Thousands- Percent of total blocks State blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled blocks blocks reported 1 that are pooled Alabama 1,014 10,553 9.61 1,841 8,224 22.39 Alaska 0 961 0.00 31 489 6.34 Arizona 1,493 11,531 12.95 2,202 7,026 31.34 Arkansas 665 5,842 11.38 612 4,049 15.11 California 13,426 95,195 14.10 16,360 45,495 35.96 Colorado 1,636 12,637 12.95 1,454 5,910 24.60 Connecticut 1,387 10,288 13.48 1,426 4,099 34.79 Delaware 464 3,332 13.93 392 1,086 36.10 District of Columbia 407 3,974 10.24 563 1,406 40.04 Florida 6,228 40,678 15.31 7,246 24,079 30.09 Georgia 2,179 21,258 10.25 2,885 12,515 23.05 Guam 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Hawaii 146 3,033 4.81 420 1,523 27.58 Idaho 428 3,380 12.66 425 1,957 21.72 Illinois 6,809 35,718 19.06 4,795 18,822 25.48 Indiana 1,928 15,489 12.45 1,737 8,177 21.24 Iowa 589 5,962 9.88 897 4,541 19.75 Kansas 799 7,733 10.33 1,038 3,933 26.39 Kentucky 848 11,225 7.55 1,277 6,089 20.97 Louisiana 1,146 10,451 10.97 1,815 6,861 26.45 Maine 553 4,375 12.64 531 1,699 31.25 Maryland 2,465 17,426 14.15 2,492 7,069 35.25 Massachusetts 4,282 28,689 14.93 2,811 8,709 32.28 Michigan 4,282 29,356 14.59 4,026 15,380 26.18 Minnesota 1,690 14,166 11.93 1,393 6,908 20.17 Mississippi 782 7,749 10.09 835 4,609 18.12 Missouri 1,909 17,173 11.12 2,015 7,946 25.36 Montana 283 2,114 13.39 116 1,268 9.15 Nebraska 359 3,892 9.22 407 2,620 15.53 Nevada 675 5,333 12.66 1,279 3,120 40.99 New Hampshire 813 4,650 17.48 492 1,823 26.99 New Jersey 4,683 27,041 17.32 3,672 11,652 31.51 New Mexico 394 3,358 11.73 744 2,279 32.65 New York 7,952 48,737 16.32 10,477 24,797 42.25 North Carolina 2,904 21,619 13.43 2,853 12,141 23.50 North Dakota 71 1,369 5.19 107 794 13.48 Northern Marianas 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Ohio 3,610 30,115 11.99 3,434 15,348 22.37 Oklahoma 914 8,483 10.77 1,340 5,139 26.08 Oregon 1,141 8,784 12.99 1,357 4,376 31.01 Pennsylvania 6,001 37,695 15.92 5,208 14,961 34.81 Puerto Rico 232 3,414 6.80 813 4,008 20.28 Rhode Island 346 3,801 9.10 371 1,219 30.43 South Carolina 1,286 8,811 14.60 1,427 5,977 23.87 South Dakota 84 1,311 6.41 135 1,096 12.32 Tennessee 1,998 13,950 14.32 2,035 8,344 24.39 Texas 6,119 56,086 10.91 11,280 31,366 35.96 Utah 1,317 6,431 20.48 724 2,962 24.44 Vermont 342 4,328 7.90 295 744 39.65 Virgin Islands 0 0 NM 0 0 NM Virginia 2,658 18,043 14.73 3,197 10,225 31.27 Washington 1,872 18,019 10.39 2,279 7,776 29.31 West Virginia 541 3,562 15.19 520 2,176 23.90 Wisconsin 1,413 12,449 11.35 1,234 8,024 15.38 Wyoming 143 1,137 12.58 63 820 7.68 Totals 105,706 782,706 13.51 117,378 403,656 29.08 Source: Pooling data provided by NeuStar. 1 Includes only those thousands-blocks in rate centers with pooling. NM - Not meaningful. 27 Table 9 Increased Utilization and Telephone Numbers Saved due to Thousands-Block Pooling as of December 31, 2008 Numbers Numbers Needed Utilization had Increased Utilization Numbers Assigned Total Percent had Whole NXXs Whole NXXs of Thousands-blocks Saved Due Carrier Type OCNs to End-users 1 Numbers 1 Utilized Been Issued Been Issued due to Pooling to Pooling Incumbent LEC 257 6,671,482 10,493,000 63.6% 38,810,000 17.2% 46.4% 28,317,000 Cellular/PCS 570 86,003,817 116,825,000 73.6% 185,010,000 46.5% 27.1% 68,185,000 CLEC 1,305 40,184,686 87,695,000 45.8% 410,600,000 9.8% 36.0% 322,905,000 Total 2,132 132,869,936 215,023,000 61.8% 634,430,000 20.9% 40.9% 419,407,000 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in pooled blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009. NeuStar also provided data on Thousands-block pooling. Table 10 Number Utilization for Specialized Nongeographic Area Codes as of December 31, 2008 Assigned Intermediate Reserved Aging Admin Available 1 Total Unique Specialized Area Codes (Thousands of telephone numbers) NXXs 3,901 260 1,464 458 5 432 6,520 651 59.8% 4.0% 22.5% 7.0% 0.1% 6.6% 100.0% 362 10 1 0 0 517 890 88 40.6% 1.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 58.1% 100.0% 1 Includes only those telephone numbers in blocks on which carriers reported utilization data. Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009. 500 900 28 Figure 1 Incumbent LECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 29 Figure 2 Cellular/PCS Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 30 Figure 3 CLECs: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 31 Figure 4 Paging Carriers: Average Utilization Rates by Number of Thousands-Blocks Held in a Rate Center 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of thousands-blocks held in a single rate center Note: number of thousands-blocks has been rounded to the nearest ten. 32 Table 11 Alternate Sources of NPA-NXX Assignments 1 NPA-NXXs that appear in NRUF NANPA LERG NXXs All Three Databases NRUF, NANPA and LERG 999139,353 Two of the Three Databases NRUF and NANPA 99416 NANPA and LERG 992,103 NRUF and LERG 83 Only One Database NRUF 9 346 NANPA 9 412 LERG 9 211 Total NXXs in Database. 140,198 142,284 141,750 Sources: NANPA's NPA-NXX; assignments database as of January 1, 2009; the LERG, as of January1, 2009; NRUF December 31, 2008 database (NRUF forms filed as of June 16, 2009). 1 Includes only telephone numbers in NXXs assigned to carriers and therefore available for assignment to customers. Does not include any numbers in NXXs that have not yet been assigned to carriers. Table 12 Utilization over Time Carrier Type ILEC Cellular/PCS CLEC Paging Overall December 2000 52.1% 46.2% 9.8% 26.3% 40.1% June 2001 52.1% 45.3% 10.9% 24.8% 39.6% December 2001 52.5% 47.2% 11.4% 20.2% 39.7% June 2002 52.2% 47.5% 10.4% 17.6% 39.2% December 2002 52.2% 47.8% 10.6% 17.0% 39.2% June 2003 53.2% 49.0% 10.7% 14.3% 39.9% December 2003 52.6% 50.6% 10.6% 13.0% 39.5% June 2004 54.5% 53.9% 14.8% 10.9% 42.3% December 2004 53.5% 54.6% 16.4% 10.3% 42.2% June 2005 52.8% 56.9% 18.1% 9.9% 43.0% December 2005 52.4% 59.1% 19.7% 8.6% 43.4% June 2006 50.2% 60.4% 20.5% 8.1% 43.3% December 2006 49.3% 63.3% 21.5% 8.0% 44.2% June 2007 50.8% 64.8% 25.4% 7.5% 46.7% December 2007 50.7% 65.0% 26.9% 7.1% 47.1% June 2008 50.3% 65.3% 30.4% 6.6% 48.1% December 2008 49.6% 65.6% 31.1% 6.7% 47.9% Source: Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports filed with NeuStar, Inc. Note: Starting with June 2006 data, where an RBOC has acquired a carrier with CLEC services in the RBOC's operating region, the numbering resources of the acquired CLEC that are in the RBOC's operating region are counted as incumbent LEC resources. Where the acquired CLEC provides services outside of the acquirer's operating region, the numbering resources are treated as CLEC resources. 33 Table 13 NPA-NXX Assignments, Returns and Net Assignments NPA-NXXs NPA-NXXs Net Quarter Assigned Returned Assignments 1998 Q3 1,554 0 1,554 1998 Q4 2,375 0 2,375 1999 Q1 3,019 0 3,019 1999 Q2 4,693 95 4,598 1999 Q3 4,202 164 4,038 1999 Q4 3,993 545 3,448 2000 Q1 4,552 775 3,777 FCC Issued First NRO Order 1 2000 Q2 4,126 923 3,203 2000 Q3 3,497 818 2,679 2000 Q4 3,235 1,146 2,089 FCC Issued Second NRO Order 1 2001 Q1 3,095 1,725 1,370 2001 Q2 3,136 1,320 1,816 2001 Q3 2,112 1,611 501 2001 Q4 2,055 1,402 653 FCC Issued Third NRO Order 1 2002 Q1 1,731 1,199 532 2002 Q2 2,392 1,260 1,132 2002 Q3 1,954 587 1,367 2002 Q4 1,101 558 543 2003 Q1 897 533 364 2003 Q2 1,007 431 576 FCC Issued Fourth NRO Order 1 2003 Q3 802 580 222 2003 Q4 539 244 295 2004 Q1 888 182 706 2004 Q2 728 323 405 2004 Q3 748 160 588 2004 Q4 761 319 442 2005 Q1 1,113 249 864 2005 Q2 778 330 448 2005 Q3 716 246 470 2005 Q4 705 203 502 2006 Q1 1,165 194 971 2006 Q2 944 175 769 2006 Q3 883 137 746 2006 Q4 987 188 799 2007 Q1 1,117 170 947 2007 Q2 768 195 573 2007 Q3 747 173 574 2007 Q4 584 211 373 2008 Q1 720 166 554 2008 Q2 804 96 708 2008 Q3 699 149 550 2008 Q4 723 343 380 2009 Q1 675 189 486 1 See text footnote 2 for full citation. Source: http://www.nanpa.com/reports/reports_cocodes_actStatus.html NPA-NXX Assigments, Returns, and Net Assignments 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 1998 Q3 1998 Q4 1999 Q1 1999 Q2 1999 Q3 1999 Q4 2000 Q1 2000 Q2 2000 Q3 2000 Q4 2001 Q1 2001 Q2 2001 Q3 2001 Q4 2002 Q1 2002 Q2 2002 Q3 2002 Q4 2003 Q1 2003 Q2 2003 Q3 2003 Q4 2004 Q1 2004 Q2 2004 Q3 2004 Q4 2005 Q1 2005 Q2 2005 Q3 2005 Q4 2006 Q1 2006 Q2 2006 Q3 2006 Q4 2007 Q1 2007 Q2 2007 Q3 2007 Q4 2008 Q1 2008 Q2 2008 Q3 2008 Q4 2009 Q1 Assignments Returns Net Assignments 34 Table 14 Telephone Number Porting Activity Since Wireless Pooling Started 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Month Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline Total (thousands) (thousands) 2003 November 3 561 2 61 1 625 December 638 12 756 1 1,407 2004 January 809 24 713 1 1,547 February 711 65 591 2 1,369 March 776 79 632 1 1,488 April 718 49 613 1 1,381 May 756 73 689 1 1,519 June 789 165 873 2 1,829 July 656 143 806 3 1,608 August 4 786 95 824 * 1,705 September 701 43 787 1 1,532 October 899 97 738 1 1,735 November 736 131 736 2 1,605 December 692 86 910 1 1,689 2005 January 698 53 808 2 1,561 February 936 81 735 1 1,753 March 1,257 74 815 2 2,148 April 959 55 797 1 1,812 May 892 56 862 1 1,811 June 1,064 38 1,153 2 2,257 July 1,006 62 982 2 2,052 August 1,203 42 933 2 2,179 September 1,114 31 835 2 1,982 October 991 37 866 2 1,896 November 1,023 29 826 2 1,880 December 1,079 22 1,031 2 2,135 2006 January 1,242 37 879 4 2,162 February 1,347 22 807 3 2,178 March 1,422 19 876 2 2,319 April 1,095 19 747 2 1,863 May 1,213 46 813 2 2,073 June 1,010 30 862 2 1,904 July 960 55 866 1 1,883 August 1,111 61 953 2 2,127 September 941 36 839 2 1,818 October 1,049 33 823 2 1,908 November 907 40 812 3 1,762 December 977 41 993 2 2,013 2007 January 902 31 1,021 2 1,956 February 864 45 1,049 2 1,960 March 1,035 40 1,155 2 2,232 April 926 33 1,112 2 2,072 May 973 45 1,083 3 2,103 June 1,026 82 1,095 3 2,207 July 1,288 124 1,136 3 2,550 August 1,440 149 1,135 5 2,728 September 1,235 90 1,012 3 2,340 October 1,539 93 1,027 2 2,661 November 1,302 111 1,187 3 2,603 December 2,500 53 1,274 2 3,829 2008 January 1,293 19 5 1,102 3 2,418 February 1,220 24 1,079 2 2,326 March 1,473 19 1,085 4 2,582 April 1,420 21 987 3 2,430 May 1,232 22 1,069 3 2,326 June 1,176 19 1,113 2 2,311 July 1,289 39 1,383 3 2,715 August 1,410 48 1,410 4 2,873 September 1,207 47 1,212 4 2,471 October 1,332 39 1,258 5 2,634 November 1,107 59 1,213 4 2,382 December 1,257 36 1,513 4 2,810 2009 January 1,112 33 1,334 4 2,483 February 1,112 33 1,334 4 2,483 March 1,262 43 1,389 5 2,698 Cumulative Total 69,657 3,483 62,409 152 135,701 * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Monthly figures include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 3 Wireless porting started November 24, 2003. These figures include all ports during the month of November, which for ports from or to a wireless carrier, includes a small number of test ports that happened prior to November 24. 4 Due to a data problem, figure does not include numbers that were ported back to the original carrier, or where the subscriber with the ported number terminated service. 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger in October 2004. 5 In late 2007, some wireline carriers completed plans to transfer groups of numbers to the wireless carriers that were providing service to end users using those numbers. In many cases, the whole block could not be reassigned in the LERG so number porting was used to effectuate the transfer. 35 Table 15 Telephone Numbers Remaining in the Porting Database at the End of Each Quarter 1 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Total Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless 2 Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1999 Second 1,840 * * * 1,840 Third 2,658 * * * 2,658 Fourth 3,854 * * * 3,854 2000 First 5,029 * * * 5,029 Second 5,781 * * * 5,781 Third 7,595 * * * 7,595 Fourth 9,146 * * * 9,146 2001 First 10,567 * * * 10,567 Second 12,310 * * * 12,310 Third 14,610 * * * 14,610 Fourth 15,519 * * * 15,519 2002 First 16,810 * * * 16,810 Second 18,210 * * * 18,210 Third 19,862 * * * 19,862 Fourth 21,449 * * * 21,449 2003 First 22,781 * * * 22,781 Second 23,723 * * * 23,723 Third 24,796 * * * 24,796 Fourth 25,869 16 795 2 26,682 2004 First 28,462 173 2,686 3 31,324 Second 28,371 406 4,635 4 33,417 Third 29,396 667 6,874 9 36,945 Fourth 30,607 832 9,041 11 41,491 2005 First 32,399 1,001 10,860 16 44,276 Second 34,169 1,092 12,956 19 48,236 Third 36,013 1,201 14,804 23 52,041 Fourth 37,608 1,246 16,101 29 54,983 2006 First 40,194 1,272 17,577 34 59,077 Second 42,130 1,333 19,032 42 62,538 Third 43,743 1,407 20,509 46 65,705 Fourth 45,149 1,480 21,920 50 68,600 2007 First 46,761 1,541 23,518 50 71,870 Second 48,396 1,659 25,399 54 75,508 Third 3 50,222 2,057 27,068 116 79,463 Fourth 53,168 2,031 29,065 120 84,384 2008 First 55,095 2,075 30,605 127 87,902 Second 56,114 2,067 32,024 153 90,359 Third 57,217 2,175 34,089 156 93,637 Fourth 58,924 2,255 35,851 171 97,202 2009 First 60,609 2,353 37,663 177 100,801 2 Excludes significant porting activity between Cingular and AT&T Wireless following the closing of their merger. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 1 Numbers ported because customer changed carriers. The database contains the date when the telephone number record was last updated. For most telephone numbers, this was the most recent port. For those telephone numbers affected by area code changes, however, the date refers to when the record was updated to reflect the new area code See the text for a fuller discussion. 3 Starting with the July 2007 data, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. 36 Table 16 Numbers in the Porting Database by Quarter in Which They Were Most Recently Ported 1 March 31, 2009 2 Ported During Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Year Quarter Wireline Wireless Wireless Wireline (In Thousands) (In Thousands) 1998 First 0 3 *** Second 3 * * * Third 36 * * * Fourth 110 * * * 1999 First 192 * * * Second 302 * * * Third 313 * * * Fourth 396 * * * 2000 First 422 * * * Second 483 * * * Third 602 * * * Fourth 672 * * * 2001 First 594 * * * Second 754 * * * Third 770 * * * Fourth 957 * * * 2002 First 792 * * * Second 892 * * * Third 1,055 * * * Fourth 890 * * * 2003 First 806 * * * Second 974 * * * Third 971 * * * Fourth 954 8 321 2 2004 First 1,302 110 711 3 Second 1,313 99 827 8 Third 1,325 159 992 7 Fourth 1,275 101 1,033 5 2005 First 1,543 78 999 4 Second 1,643 69 1,096 3 Third 1,857 90 1,272 4 Fourth 1,681 61 1,305 13 2006 First 2,442 51 1,293 4 Second 1,981 65 1,350 4 Third 1,771 117 1,569 5 Fourth 1,760 97 1,635 5 2007 First 1,909 93 1,713 5 Second 2,156 134 1,867 4 Third 2,739 249 2,230 24 Fourth 4,292 223 2,556 9 2008 First 3,018 70 4 2,451 8 Second 3,065 76 2,452 7 Third 3,189 129 3,290 7 Fourth 3,207 138 3,307 8 2009 First 3,230 136 3,398 10 1 The vast majority of these numbers are ported because customer changed carriers. 3 Number is between 0 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 2 The local number portability database was designed solely for the purpose of routing calls. As such, it retains only the most recent porting activity for any given number. So if a consumer ports a number from Carrier A to Carrier B, and later the consumer then ports the number from Carrier B to Carrier C, the database will not reflect the original port from Carrier A to Carrier B. Also, numbers that revert back to the original carrier (either because the customer ports the number back to the original carrier or because the customer discontinues service with that number) are dropped from the database. Lastly, area code splits can make a number appear to be ported later than it actually was. Starting with the previous edition of this report, the methodology for determining whether a number was ported away from a wireline or a wireless carrier changed. Rather than relying on the carrier type of the most recent port, the numbers now reflect the original carrier type, based on the carrier that is assigned the thousands block of the donated number. * Wireless portability started November 24, 2003. All ports before then are considered to be wireline to wireline ports, even though some of those ports appear to involve wireless companies. A small but unknown number of wireless test ports were conducted before November 24, 2003. The remaining wireless-related ports appear to be artifacts of divining the carrier type through the use of the carrier's operating company number. 4 In late 2007, some wireline carriers completed plans to transfer groups of numbers to the wireless carriers that were providing service to en users using those numbers. In many cases, the whole block could not be reassigned in the LERG so number porting was used to effectuate the transfer. 37 Table 17 Ports Between Carrier Types, March 31, 2009 (in thousands) Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless State to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Total Alabama 485 84 414 1 985 Alaska 148 2 279 1 430 Arizona 1,463 21 823 4 2,311 Arkansas 208 159 122 ** 490 California 9,045 104 4,762 31 13,942 Colorado 1,059 30 748 3 1,840 Connecticut 819 17 429 2 1,268 Delaware 334 1 90 1 426 District of Columbia 435 4 163 2 605 Florida 3,306 102 2,671 11 6,091 Georgia 1,522 179 1,093 9 2,802 Guam * 0 * 0 10 Hawaii 218 5 192 1 415 Idaho 125 12 219 ** 356 Illinois 2,699 59 1,711 9 4,477 Indiana 773 55 562 4 1,394 Iowa 305 10 258 ** 574 Kansas 496 230 268 1 995 Kentucky 423 58 397 2 880 Louisiana 525 14 402 2 943 Maine 322 19 130 1 472 Maryland 1,076 16 794 3 1,888 Massachusetts 2,449 35 960 4 3,448 Michigan 2,222 51 1,561 4 3,838 Minnesota 1,364 29 849 4 2,247 Mississippi 160 28 175 ** 364 Missouri 781 76 620 1 1,478 Montana 83 7 61 ** 151 Nebraska 274 28 161 ** 464 Nevada 587 8 295 1 891 New Hampshire 369 10 156 1 536 New Jersey 1,831 22 1,087 6 2,946 New Mexico 171 12 168 1 351 New York 5,261 78 2,772 10 8,121 North Carolina 1,359 85 927 3 2,374 North Dakota 77 * 46 * 127 Northern Mariana Is 0 * * * ** Ohio 1,884 64 1,395 7 3,350 Oklahoma 460 37 423 4 924 Oregon 714 29 514 2 1,258 Pennsylvania 2,714 31 1,592 5 4,343 Puerto Rico 34 54 365 ** 453 Rhode Island 277 5 141 1 424 South Carolina 595 40 387 1 1,022 South Dakota 115 4 50 ** 169 Tennessee 1,014 30 631 4 1,678 Texas 4,033 280 2,588 15 6,917 Utah 802 17 366 1 1,186 Vermont 114 6 63 ** 183 Virgin Islands 0 * ** * ** Virginia 1,525 29 985 5 2,544 Washington 2,377 38 887 4 3,305 West Virginia 193 3 205 ** 401 Wisconsin 955 24 665 3 1,647 Wyoming 31 4 31 ** 65 Total 60,609 2,353 37,663 177 100,801 * Indicates that the number has been withheld to protect carrier confidentiality. ** Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Starting with the previous report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. 38 Table 18 Number of Carriers Porting or Receiving Ports as of March 31, 2009 Wireline to Wireline to Wireless to Wireless to Wireline Ports Wireless Ports Wireless Ports Wireline Ports Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers Carriers State Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Porting Receiving Alabama 36 36 32 12 15 13 13 20 Alaska 7 9 7 8 7 8 6 5 Arizona 30 28 24 13 10 13 7 19 Arkansas 17 20 12 8 7 8 7 16 California 54 57 49 15 14 16 11 42 Colorado 36 36 36 13 13 15 9 24 Connecticut 18 27 15 8 6 7 5 17 Delaware 20 29 9 7 6 9 6 16 District of Columbia 24 29 16 6 5 7 5 18 Florida 62 84 49 12 12 12 10 42 Georgia 61 69 51 14 14 14 12 39 Guam 3 3 0 0 4 5 0 0 Hawaii 8 9 7 7 6 7 6 8 Idaho 25 27 19 13 15 15 8 12 Illinois 57 59 41 15 14 15 10 34 Indiana 46 50 38 14 11 15 8 28 Iowa 88 61 33 12 12 13 11 16 Kansas 31 38 33 16 14 17 10 18 Kentucky 40 50 25 18 15 18 12 18 Louisiana 34 33 22 10 9 11 7 15 Maine 23 28 15 8 7 8 7 13 Maryland 42 44 27 9 6 9 7 26 Massachusetts 32 36 25 9 8 9 7 26 Michigan 56 62 42 16 12 16 10 33 Minnesota 71 72 56 11 8 11 7 33 Mississippi 27 32 21 12 13 11 9 10 Missouri 37 41 25 13 14 14 12 22 Montana 15 17 12 6 6 6 4 9 Nebraska 22 23 21 11 12 13 8 9 Nevada 24 28 21 11 10 11 8 20 New Hampshire 22 24 18 8 8 9 7 18 New Jersey 39 35 27 9 6 9 6 24 New Mexico 19 22 12 11 11 12 8 8 New York 69 72 56 12 9 12 9 41 North Carolina 36 51 34 13 12 13 10 30 North Dakota 17 18 20 7 7 7 3 6 Northern Marianas Is 0 0 1 1 3 4 1 1 Ohio 50 63 45 16 13 16 12 35 Oklahoma 25 28 24 13 15 15 9 15 Oregon 37 44 29 13 9 12 8 24 Pennsylvania 55 60 41 12 15 16 8 38 Puerto Rico 5 5 4 7 6 8 6 4 Rhode Island 14 18 10 8 5 8 5 11 South Carolina 40 47 35 9 11 10 9 27 South Dakota 15 18 13 5 7 7 4 6 Tennessee 45 47 41 13 12 13 10 34 Texas 73 89 64 27 26 28 17 48 Utah 26 22 22 11 11 13 8 18 Vermont 15 13 9 6 6 6 5 10 Virgin Islands 0 0 1 2 4 4 2 1 Virginia 44 52 31 11 9 10 8 26 Washington 39 47 31 12 10 12 10 29 West Virginia 17 21 9 10 9 11 8 11 Wisconsin 41 48 40 15 11 15 10 21 Wyoming 11 12 10 8 11 12 6 4 Unduplicated Total 896 851 664 110 133 127 80 388 Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.). Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 1 Starting with the previous report, the method of determining whether a port came from a wireline or wireless carrier changed. For numbers that have been ported multiple times, the original carrier is now used to determine the porting carrier's type. Previously, the porting carrier's type was based on the most recent port. 39 Table 19 Percentage of Numbers Ported, as of December 31, 2008 1 Wireline Wireline Wireless Wireless Total Total Wireline Assigned Percent Wireless Assigned Percent Total Assigned Percent Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported Ports Numbers Ported State (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) (thousands) (%) Alabama 547 4,755 11.5 391 4,796 8.2 938 9,551 9.8 Alaska 162 951 17.1 241 590 40.9 403 1,541 26.2 American Samoa 0 0 NA 0 24 0.0 0 24 0.0 Arizona 1,450 8,024 18.1 780 5,286 14.7 2,230 13,310 16.8 Arkansas 356 2,637 13.5 117 2,401 4.9 473 5,038 9.4 California 8,927 47,414 18.8 4,616 33,892 13.6 13,543 81,307 16.7 Colorado 1,047 7,326 14.3 708 4,571 15.5 1,755 11,897 14.7 Connecticut 799 4,645 17.2 415 3,165 13.1 1,214 7,810 15.5 Delaware 331 1,665 19.9 87 828 10.5 417 2,493 16.7 District of Columbia 430 3,115 13.8 161 1,147 14.1 592 4,262 13.9 Florida 3,321 21,817 15.2 2,597 17,090 15.2 5,917 38,908 15.2 Georgia 1,695 10,793 15.7 1,060 8,721 12.2 2,755 19,513 14.1 Guam 1 99 1.4 6 108 5.8 8 207 3.7 Hawaii 219 1,582 13.8 185 1,236 15.0 405 2,818 14.4 Idaho 129 1,485 8.7 190 1,183 16.0 318 2,668 11.9 Illinois 2,658 16,901 15.7 1,646 11,430 14.4 4,303 28,331 15.2 Indiana 795 6,014 13.2 544 5,230 10.4 1,339 11,244 11.9 Iowa 309 4,782 6.5 244 2,395 10.2 553 7,177 7.7 Kansas 688 2,878 23.9 268 2,389 11.2 956 5,268 18.2 Kentucky 462 4,402 10.5 375 3,649 10.3 836 8,051 10.4 Louisiana 525 4,752 11.0 388 4,222 9.2 913 8,975 10.2 Maine 333 2,688 12.4 107 1,047 10.3 440 3,736 11.8 Maryland 1,052 9,393 11.2 772 5,488 14.1 1,824 14,881 12.3 Massachusetts 2,421 13,653 17.7 929 5,987 15.5 3,350 19,640 17.1 Michigan 2,194 10,504 20.9 1,484 9,600 15.5 3,678 20,105 18.3 Minnesota 1,354 7,083 19.1 791 4,477 17.7 2,145 11,561 18.6 Mississippi 182 2,489 7.3 168 2,397 7.0 350 4,886 7.2 Missouri 835 5,897 14.2 589 5,134 11.5 1,424 11,031 12.9 Montana 82 912 9.0 59 726 8.1 141 1,638 8.6 Nebraska 302 2,052 14.7 152 1,490 10.2 454 3,543 12.8 Nevada 577 3,147 18.3 285 2,411 11.8 863 5,559 15.5 New Hampshire 331 2,255 14.7 144 1,124 12.8 475 3,379 14.1 New Jersey 1,754 12,873 13.6 1,052 8,405 12.5 2,807 21,278 13.2 New Mexico 174 1,997 8.7 157 1,685 9.3 331 3,682 9.0 New York 5,181 25,842 20.0 2,653 18,606 14.3 7,834 44,448 17.6 North Carolina 1,391 10,060 13.8 890 8,004 11.1 2,281 18,064 12.6 North Dakota 78 635 12.2 44 537 8.3 122 1,172 10.4 Northern Mariana Is * 17 0.0 * 24 0.3 0 41 0.2 Ohio 1,893 12,671 14.9 1,334 10,108 13.2 3,227 22,779 14.2 Oklahoma 478 3,342 14.3 410 3,050 13.4 888 6,392 13.9 Oregon 713 4,404 16.2 479 3,202 15.0 1,192 7,606 15.7 Pennsylvania 2,678 16,703 16.0 1,520 10,879 14.0 4,198 27,582 15.2 Puerto Rico 81 1,828 4.4 345 2,752 12.5 426 4,580 9.3 Rhode Island 274 2,130 12.9 136 930 14.7 410 3,059 13.4 South Carolina 619 4,609 13.4 371 3,905 9.5 990 8,514 11.6 South Dakota 116 745 15.6 48 599 8.0 164 1,344 12.2 Tennessee 1,010 6,546 15.4 616 5,890 10.5 1,625 12,436 13.1 Texas 4,193 26,804 15.6 2,510 22,390 11.2 6,703 49,194 13.6 Utah 799 4,109 19.5 350 2,203 15.9 1,149 6,312 18.2 Vermont 118 2,358 5.0 31 451 6.9 149 2,809 5.3 Virgin Islands * 61 0.0 * 110 0.0 0 171 0.0 Virginia 1,526 10,864 14.0 954 7,273 13.1 2,480 18,137 13.7 Washington 2,364 9,718 24.3 834 5,900 14.1 3,198 15,618 20.5 West Virginia 185 1,451 12.7 190 1,375 13.8 374 2,826 13.2 Wisconsin 949 5,765 16.5 630 4,552 13.8 1,578 10,317 15.3 Wyoming 33 563 5.8 27 497 5.5 60 1,059 5.7 Total 61,121 382,206 0.2 36,081 277,564 0.1 97,202 659,770 14.7 1 Because the latest available NRUF data are as of December 31, 2008, porting data of the same vintage are used. NA Not applicable. Number portability is not available in American Samoa or Northern Mariana Islands. * Indicates a number between 1 and 499. Source: Raw data from Local Number Portability Administrator (NeuStar, Inc.) and Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Reports data filed with NeuStar, Inc. as of June 16, 2009. Rollups performed by the Industry Analysis and Technology Division staff, Wireline Competition Bureau. 40 Table 20 Telephone Numbers Assigned for Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1993 December 3,155,955 731,438 3,887,393 3,822,607 1994 December 4,948,605 763,235 5,711,840 1,998,160 1995 December 6,700,576 286,487 6,987,063 722,937 1996 December 9,527,982 945,671 10,473,653 5,216,347 1997 December 12,980,714 996,449 13,977,163 1,712,837 1998 December 16,200,883 965,466 17,166,349 6,503,651 1999 December 19,677,001 1,101,964 20,778,965 2,891,035 2000 December 23,022,015 1,178,096 24,200,111 7,449,889 2001 December 23,453,029 1,027,973 24,481,002 7,168,998 2002 December 22,496,215 1,051,232 23,547,447 8,102,553 2003 December 21,108,662 941,520 22,050,182 9,599,818 2004 December 22,159,440 1,145,661 23,305,101 8,344,899 2005 December 22,474,643 957,835 23,432,478 8,217,522 2006 December 22,709,753 756,808 23,466,561 8,183,439 2007 December 23,902,113 3 585,864 24,487,982 7,322,018 2008 December 24,556,244 773,164 25,329,408 6,480,592 2 Miscellaneous numbers include those in the 800, 888, 877, and 866 service management systems maintained by Database Service Management, Inc., and categorized as reserved, assigned but not yet activated, recently disconnected, or suspended. 1 Toll-free (800) service was initially offered by AT&T in 1967. On May 1, 1993, procedures for routing toll- free calls were changed and 800 numbers were made "portable" so customers who switched service providers could retain their numbers. Due to the growth in demand for toll-free numbers, a new toll-free calling code, 888, was added in March 1996, which made it possible to assign about 8 million new toll- free numbers. A third toll-free calling code, 877, was added in April 1998; and a fourth toll-free code, 866, was added in July 2000. 3 SMS800 freed up all unused numbers contained in certain blocks of numbers that were reserved for the provision of certain mobile radio telecommunications (pager) services within a specified geographic area. These numbers were in NPA 800 and had NXXs in the range of NX2 where ‘N’ = 2 through 9 and ‘X’ = 0 for 1 and the numbers ended in a state code. http://www.sms800.com/PublicContent.aspx?Text=2008&URL=Shared+Documents%2fPublic%2fNews %2f2008&Site=Public, visited Jun 10, 2009. 41 Table 21 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 800 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 6,907,098 293,244 7,200,342 509,658 June 6,986,821 324,899 7,311,720 398,280 September 7,119,167 310,562 7,429,729 280,271 December 7,272,819 343,905 7,616,724 93,276 1997 March 7,402,769 305,362 7,708,131 1,869 June 7,415,591 293,802 7,709,393 607 September 7,427,717 280,668 7,708,385 1,615 December 7,429,160 267,429 7,696,589 13,411 1998 March 7,455,240 249,964 7,705,204 4,796 June 7,480,468 227,041 7,707,509 2,491 September 7,489,271 219,080 7,708,351 1,649 December 7,487,529 215,267 7,702,796 7,204 1999 March 7,498,527 204,515 7,703,042 6,958 June 7,502,118 207,061 7,709,179 821 September 7,523,302 185,363 7,708,665 1,335 December 7,505,737 202,416 7,708,153 1,847 2000 March 7,516,391 193,246 7,709,637 363 June 7,570,082 139,444 7,709,526 474 September 7,572,091 137,705 7,709,796 204 December 7,566,810 132,887 7,699,697 10,303 2001 March 7,434,621 264,967 7,699,588 10,412 June 7,357,279 242,106 7,599,385 110,615 September 7,383,111 164,881 7,547,992 162,008 December 7,370,055 184,689 7,554,744 155,256 2002 March 7,181,636 400,955 7,582,591 127,409 June 7,234,847 282,005 7,516,852 193,148 September 7,200,821 177,723 7,378,544 331,456 December 7,210,159 203,268 7,413,427 296,573 2003 March 7,182,120 224,536 7,406,656 303,344 June 7,171,068 234,576 7,405,644 304,356 September 7,031,806 222,846 7,254,652 455,348 December 7,089,752 260,807 7,350,559 359,441 2004 March 7,187,381 234,719 7,422,100 287,900 June 7,181,216 187,107 7,368,323 341,677 September 7,262,915 197,252 7,460,167 249,833 December 7,332,085 208,368 7,540,453 169,547 2005 March 7,267,936 234,679 7,502,615 207,385 June 7,163,402 425,206 7,588,608 121,392 September 7,160,678 495,326 7,656,004 53,996 December 7,317,165 277,052 7,594,217 115,783 2006 March 7,416,046 197,083 7,613,129 96,871 June 7,330,416 317,525 7,647,941 62,059 September 7,419,137 279,471 7,698,608 11,392 December 7,445,535 207,672 7,653,207 56,793 2007 March 7,559,307 140,686 7,699,993 10,007 June 7,546,532 153,063 7,699,595 10,405 September 7,597,883 102,117 7,700,000 10,000 December 7,736,774 3 123,226 7,860,000 10,000 3 2008 March 7,731,284 3 128,716 7,860,000 10,000 3 June 7,686,736 173,264 7,860,000 10,000 3 September 7,755,279 104,721 7,860,000 10,000 3 December 7,731,430 128,570 7,860,000 10,000 3 2009 March 7,752,946 107,054 7,860,000 10,000 3 For data prior to 1996, see Table 18.4 of the Februrary 2007 edition of Trends in Telephone Service. 1 - 3 See Notes to Table 20. 42 Table 22 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 888 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1996 March 267,874 568,574 836,448 7,143,552 June 922,849 544,079 1,466,928 6,513,072 September 1,641,519 590,345 2,231,864 5,748,136 December 2,255,163 601,766 2,856,929 5,123,071 1997 March 2,857,608 661,164 3,518,772 4,461,228 June 3,660,984 681,981 4,342,965 3,637,035 September 4,776,688 774,431 5,551,119 2,428,881 December 5,551,554 729,020 6,280,574 1,699,426 1998 March 6,167,479 728,415 6,895,894 1,084,106 June 6,591,764 665,496 7,257,260 722,740 September 6,898,718 612,254 7,510,972 469,028 December 7,146,159 515,009 7,661,168 318,832 1999 March 7,278,531 495,904 7,774,435 205,565 June 7,428,424 231,697 7,660,121 319,879 September 7,601,867 211,318 7,813,185 166,815 December 7,643,158 324,405 7,967,563 12,437 2000 March 7,685,423 230,035 7,915,458 64,542 June 7,789,986 140,658 7,930,644 49,356 September 7,806,252 173,588 7,979,840 160 December 7,789,188 177,328 7,966,516 13,484 2001 March 7,616,189 355,451 7,971,640 8,360 June 7,548,761 270,198 7,818,959 161,041 September 7,508,100 203,518 7,711,618 268,382 December 7,452,071 190,727 7,642,798 337,202 2002 March 6,964,624 577,910 7,542,534 437,466 June 6,629,862 354,771 6,984,633 995,367 September 6,682,043 92,050 6,774,093 1,205,907 December 6,610,191 154,015 6,764,206 1,215,794 2003 March 6,408,723 324,558 6,733,281 1,246,719 June 6,228,846 251,701 6,480,547 1,499,453 September 5,818,266 216,862 6,035,128 1,944,872 December 5,711,949 250,662 5,962,611 2,017,389 2004 March 5,680,105 133,824 5,813,929 2,166,071 June 5,640,743 128,141 5,768,884 2,211,116 September 5,716,957 210,068 5,927,025 2,052,975 December 5,563,469 384,320 5,947,789 2,032,211 2005 March 5,465,594 159,097 5,624,691 2,355,309 June 5,306,927 296,729 5,603,656 2,376,344 September 5,314,969 221,122 5,536,091 2,443,909 December 5,265,331 196,817 5,462,148 2,517,852 2006 March 5,049,966 321,175 5,371,141 2,608,859 June 4,930,939 387,726 5,318,665 2,661,335 September 4,923,018 282,840 5,205,858 2,774,142 December 4,894,774 154,764 5,049,538 2,930,462 2007 March 4,865,839 172,035 5,037,874 2,942,126 June 4,892,896 211,491 5,104,387 2,875,613 September 5,014,039 143,278 5,157,317 2,822,683 December 5,075,256 134,928 5,210,184 2,769,816 2008 March 5,131,254 300,830 5,432,084 2,547,916 June 5,153,074 328,514 5,481,588 2,498,412 September 5,212,933 131,617 5,344,550 2,635,450 December 5,204,756 195,377 5,400,133 2,579,867 2009 March 5,221,440 186,536 5,407,976 2,572,024 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 43 Table 23 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 877 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 1998 June 552,037 209,967 762,004 7,217,996 September 1,072,046 206,714 1,278,760 6,701,240 December 1,567,195 235,190 1,802,385 6,177,615 1999 March 2,141,228 329,044 2,470,272 5,509,728 June 2,899,466 410,026 3,309,492 4,670,508 September 3,755,361 436,433 4,191,794 3,788,206 December 4,528,106 575,143 5,103,249 2,876,751 2000 March 5,436,297 598,702 6,034,999 1,945,001 June 6,317,507 402,858 6,720,365 1,259,635 September 6,539,180 496,015 7,035,195 944,805 December 6,391,285 719,333 7,110,618 869,382 2001 March 6,289,079 469,980 6,759,059 1,220,941 June 6,094,898 715,097 6,809,995 1,170,005 September 6,163,297 489,084 6,652,381 1,327,619 December 6,214,863 345,468 6,560,331 1,419,669 2002 March 6,174,529 340,472 6,515,001 1,464,999 June 6,016,107 267,320 6,283,427 1,696,573 September 5,656,158 275,722 5,931,880 2,048,120 December 5,448,276 421,984 5,870,260 2,109,740 2003 March 5,132,413 579,240 5,711,653 2,268,347 June 4,791,792 376,236 5,168,028 2,811,972 September 4,617,147 170,787 4,787,934 3,192,066 December 4,536,366 191,410 4,727,776 3,252,224 2004 March 4,528,716 163,856 4,692,572 3,287,428 June 4,550,870 146,826 4,697,696 3,282,304 September 4,537,840 214,197 4,752,037 3,227,963 December 4,551,486 254,082 4,805,568 3,174,432 2005 March 4,590,227 139,089 4,729,316 3,250,684 June 4,498,452 232,477 4,730,929 3,249,071 September 4,476,657 193,315 4,669,972 3,310,028 December 4,424,365 212,543 4,636,908 3,343,092 2006 March 4,387,383 178,974 4,566,357 3,413,643 June 4,227,659 203,501 4,431,160 3,548,840 September 4,216,739 221,090 4,437,829 3,542,171 December 4,158,082 191,476 4,349,558 3,630,442 2007 March 4,160,134 126,236 4,286,370 3,693,630 June 4,176,830 168,005 4,344,835 3,635,165 September 4,186,296 140,506 4,326,802 3,653,198 December 4,236,995 151,687 4,388,682 3,591,318 2008 March 4,243,519 150,600 4,394,119 3,585,881 June 4,312,293 204,414 4,516,707 3,463,293 September 4,105,708 266,286 4,371,994 3,608,006 December 4,126,424 187,099 4,313,523 3,666,477 2009 March 4,159,486 144,758 4,304,244 3,675,756 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 44 Table 24 Telephone Numbers Assigned for 866 Toll-Free Service 1 Total Spare Toll-Free Working Miscellaneous Toll-Free Numbers Toll-Free Toll-Free Numbers Still Year Month Numbers Numbers 2 Assigned Available 2000 September 672,250 155,646 827,896 7,152,104 December 1,274,732 148,548 1,423,280 6,556,720 2001 March 1,652,602 361,888 2,014,490 5,965,510 June 1,944,520 362,880 2,307,400 5,672,600 September 2,256,792 308,801 2,565,593 5,414,407 December 2,416,040 307,089 2,723,129 5,256,871 2002 March 2,640,414 321,530 2,961,944 5,018,056 June 2,864,605 219,232 3,083,837 4,896,163 September 2,977,379 244,297 3,221,676 4,758,324 December 3,227,589 271,965 3,499,554 4,480,446 2003 March 3,461,686 299,700 3,761,386 4,218,614 June 3,486,674 420,477 3,907,151 4,072,849 September 3,609,244 265,446 3,874,690 4,105,310 December 3,770,595 238,641 4,009,236 3,970,764 2004 March 3,966,922 231,683 4,198,605 3,781,395 June 4,281,378 263,560 4,544,938 3,435,062 September 4,476,150 281,577 4,757,727 3,222,273 December 4,712,400 298,891 5,011,291 2,968,709 2005 March 5,015,324 267,412 5,282,736 2,697,264 June 5,047,314 487,471 5,534,785 2,445,215 September 5,259,730 352,226 5,611,956 2,368,044 December 5,467,782 271,423 5,739,205 2,240,795 2006 March 5,613,475 211,021 5,824,496 2,155,504 June 5,803,923 205,051 6,008,974 1,971,026 September 6,078,119 160,737 6,238,856 1,741,144 December 6,201,362 212,896 6,414,258 1,565,742 2007 March 6,355,241 207,073 6,562,314 1,417,686 June 6,555,756 240,460 6,796,216 1,183,784 September 6,685,581 219,067 6,904,648 1,075,352 December 6,853,093 176,023 7,029,116 950,884 2008 March 7,001,587 191,687 7,193,274 786,726 June 7,192,852 225,175 7,418,027 561,973 September 7,304,334 284,988 7,589,322 390,678 December 7,493,634 262,118 7,755,752 244,248 2009 March 7,752,906 193,240 7,946,146 33,854 1 - 2 See Notes to Table 20. 45 Area Code State/Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened Area Code State/ Jurisdiction Area Code Opened 205 Alabama Jan-47 678 Georgia Jan-98 320 Minnesota Mar-96 717 Pennsylvania Jan-47 334 Alabama Jan-95 229 Georgia Aug-00 651 Minnesota Jul-98 814 Pennsylvania Jan-47 256 Alabama Mar-98 478 Georgia Aug-00 763 Minnesota Feb-00 610 Pennsylvania Jan-94 251 Alabama Jun-01 762 Georgia May-06 952 Minnesota Feb-00 724 Pennsylvania Feb-98 907 Alaska Jan-57 671 Guam Jul-97 601 Mississippi Jan-47 570 Pennsylvania Dec-98 684 American Somoa Oct-04 808 Hawaii Jan-57 228 Mississippi Sep-97 484 Pennsylvania Jun-99 602 Arizona Jan-47 208 Idaho Jan-47 662 Mississippi Apr-99 267 Pennsylvania Jul-99 520 Arizona Mar-95 217 Illinois Jan-47 769 Mississippi Mar-05 878 Pennsylvania Aug-01 480 Arizona Mar-99 312 Illinois Jan-47 314 Missouri Jan-47 787 Puerto Rico Mar-96 623 Arizona Mar-99 618 Illinois Jan-47 816 Missouri Jan-47 939 Puerto Rico Sep-01 928 Arizona Jun-01 815 Illinois Jan-47 417 Missouri Jan-50 401 Rhode Island Jan-47 501 Arkansas Jan-47 309 Illinois Jan-57 573 Missouri Jan-96 803 South Carolina Jan-47 870 Arkansas Apr-97 708 Illinois Nov-89 660 Missouri Oct-97 864 South Carolina Dec-95 479 Arkansas Jan-02 847 Illinois Jan-96 636 Missouri May-99 843 South Carolina Mar-98 213 California Jan-47 630 Illinois Aug-96 406 Montana Jan-47 605 South Dakota Jan-47 415 California Jan-47 773 Illinois Oct-96 402 Nebraska Jan-47 901 Tennessee Jan-47 916 California Jan-47 224 Illinois Jan-02 308 Nebraska Jan-55 615 Tennessee Jan-54 714 California Jan-51 779 Illinois Mar-07 702 Nevada Jan-47 423 Tennessee Sep-95 805 California Jan-57 331 Illinois Oct-07 775 Nevada Dec-98 931 Tennessee Sep-97 209 California Jan-58 219 Indiana Jan-47 603 New Hampshire Jan-47 865 Tennessee Nov-99 408 California Jan-59 317 Indiana Jan-47 201 New Jersey Jan-47 731 Tennessee Feb-01 707 California Jan-59 812 Indiana Jan-47 609 New Jersey Jan-57 214 Texas Jan-47 619 California Jan-82 765 Indiana Feb-97 908 New Jersey Nov-90 512 Texas Jan-47 818 California Jan-84 260 Indiana Jan-02 732 New Jersey Jun-97 713 Texas Jan-47 510 California Sep-91 574 Indiana Jan-02 973 New Jersey Jun-97 915 Texas Jan-47 310 California Nov-91 319 Iowa Jan-47 856 New Jersey Jun-99 817 Texas Jan-53 909 California Nov-92 515 Iowa Jan-47 551 New Jersey Dec-01 806 Texas Jan-57 562 California Jan-97 712 Iowa Jan-47 848 New Jersey Dec-01 409 Texas Nov-82 760 California Mar-97 641 Iowa Jul-00 862 New Jersey Dec-01 903 Texas Nov-90 626 California Jun-97 563 Iowa Mar-01 505 New Mexico Jan-47 210 Texas Nov-92 650 California Aug-97 316 Kansas Jan-47 575 New Mexico Oct-07 972 Texas Sep-96 530 California Nov-97 913 Kansas Jan-47 212 New York Jan-47 281 Texas Nov-96 925 California Mar-98 785 Kansas Jul-97 315 New York Jan-47 254 Texas May-97 949 California Apr-98 620 Kansas Feb-01 518 New York Jan-47 940 Texas May-97 323 California Jun-98 502 Kentucky Jan-47 716 New York Jan-47 830 Texas Jul-97 831 California Jul-98 606 Kentucky Jan-55 914 New York Jan-47 956 Texas Jul-97 559 California Nov-98 270 Kentucky Apr-99 516 New York Jan-51 832 Texas Jan-99 661 California Feb-99 859 Kentucky Apr-00 607 New York Jan-54 361 Texas Feb-99 858 California Jun-99 364 Kentucky Mar-10 718 New York Sep-84 469 Texas Jul-99 951 California Jul-04 504 Louisiana Jan-47 917 New York Jan-92 936 Texas Feb-00 424 California Aug-06 318 Louisiana Jan-57 646 New York Jul-99 979 Texas Feb-00 657 California Sep-08 225 Louisiana Aug-98 347 New York Oct-99 682 Texas Oct-00 747 California May-09 337 Louisiana Oct-99 631 New York Nov-99 430 Texas Feb-03 442 California Nov-09 985 Louisiana Feb-01 845 New York Jun-00 325 Texas Apr-03 303 Colorado Jan-47 207 Maine Jan-47 585 New York Nov-01 432 Texas Apr-03 719 Colorado Mar-88 301 Maryland Jan-47 704 North Carolina Jan-47 801 Utah Jan-47 970 Colorado Apr-95 410 Maryland Oct-91 919 North Carolina Jan-54 435 Utah Sep-97 720 Colorado Jun-98 240 Maryland Jun-97 910 North Carolina Nov-93 385 Utah Mar-09 203 Connecticut Jan-47 443 Maryland Jun-97 336 North Carolina Dec-97 802 Vermont Jan-47 860 Connecticut Aug-95 413 Massachusetts Jan-47 252 North Carolina Mar-98 340 Virgin Islands Jun-97 302 Delaware Jan-47 617 Massachusetts Jan-47 828 North Carolina Mar-98 703 Virginia Jan-47 202 District of Columbia Jan-47 508 Massachusetts Jul-88 980 North Carolina Apr-01 804 Virginia Jun-73 305 Florida Jan-47 781 Massachusetts Sep-97 701 North Dakota Jan-47 540 Virginia Jul-95 813 Florida Jan-53 978 Massachusetts Sep-97 670 Northern Marianas Is. Jul-97 757 Virginia Jul-96 904 Florida Jul-65 339 Massachusetts May-01 216 Ohio Jan-47 571 Virginia Mar-00 407 Florida Apr-88 351 Massachusetts May-01 419 Ohio Jan-47 434 Virginia Jun-01 941 Florida May-95 774 Massachusetts May-01 513 Ohio Jan-47 276 Virginia Sep-01 954 Florida Sep-95 857 Massachusetts May-01 614 Ohio Jan-47 206 Washington Jan-47 352 Florida Dec-95 313 Michigan Jan-47 330 Ohio Mar-96 509 Washington Jan-57 561 Florida May-96 517 Michigan Jan-47 937 Ohio Sep-96 360 Washington Jan-95 850 Florida Jun-97 616 Michigan Jan-47 440 Ohio Aug-97 253 Washington Apr-97 786 Florida Mar-98 906 Michigan Mar-61 740 Ohio Dec-97 425 Washington Apr-97 727 Florida Jul-98 810 Michigan Dec-93 234 Ohio Oct-00 304 West Virginia Jan-47 863 Florida Sep-99 248 Michigan May-97 567 Ohio Jan-02 681 West Virginia Mar-09 321 Florida Nov-99 734 Michigan Dec-97 405 Oklahoma Jan-47 414 Wisconsin Jan-47 386 Florida Feb-01 231 Michigan Jun-99 918 Oklahoma Jan-53 715 Wisconsin Jan-47 754 Florida Aug-01 989 Michigan Apr-01 580 Oklahoma Nov-97 608 Wisconsin Jan-55 772 Florida Feb-02 586 Michigan Sep-01 503 Oregon Jan-47 920 Wisconsin Jul-97 239 Florida Mar-02 269 Michigan Jul-02 541 Oregon Nov-95 262 Wisconsin Sep-99 404 Georgia Jan-47 947 Michigan Sep-02 971 Oregon Oct-00 534 Wisconsin Aug-10 912 Georgia Jan-54 218 Minnesota Jan-47 458 Oregon Feb-10 274 Wisconsin Mar-12 706 Georgia May-92 612 Minnesota Jan-47 215 Pennsylvania Jan-47 307 Wyoming Jan-47 770 Georgia Aug-95 507 Minnesota Jan-54 412 Pennsylvania Jan-47 Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator. Note: Implementation dates after 2008 are scheduled dates. Table 25 Area Codes by State (1947 - 2008) 46 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2008) Implementation Previous Added Location Date 1 Code Code Texas (Houston) Jan-99 713 832 California Feb-99 805 661 Texas Feb-99 512 361 Arizona Mar-99 602 480 Arizona Mar-99 602 623 Kentucky Apr-99 502 270 Mississippi Apr-99 601 662 Alberta May-99 403 780 Missouri May-99 314 636 Michigan Jun-99 616 231 Pennsylvania Jun-99 610 484 California Jun-99 619 858 New Jersey Jun-99 609 856 New York (Manhattan) Jul-99 212 646 Pennsylvania Jul-99 215 267 Texas (Dallas) Jul-99 214 469 Florida Sep-99 941 863 Wisconsin Sep-99 414 262 New York Oct-99 718 347 Louisiana Oct-99 318 337 Florida Nov-99 407 321 New York Nov-99 516 631 Tennessee Nov-99 423 865 Texas Feb-00 409 936 Texas Feb-00 409 979 Minnesota Feb-00 612 763 Minnesota Feb-00 612 952 Virginia Mar-00 703 571 Kentucky Apr-00 606 859 New York Jun-00 914 845 Iowa Jul-00 515 641 Georgia Aug-00 912 229 Georgia Aug-00 912 478 Oregon Oct-00 503 971 Texas Oct-00 817 682 Ohio Oct-00 330 234 Kansas Feb-01 316 620 Louisiana Feb-01 504 985 Tennessee Feb-01 901 731 Florida Feb-01 904 386 Ontario Mar-01 416 647 Iowa Mar-01 319 563 North Carolina Apr-01 704 980 Michigan Apr-01 517 989 Massachusetts May-01 508 774 Massachusetts May-01 617 857 Massachusetts May-01 781 339 Massachusetts May-01 978 351 Pennsylvania May-01 484 835 2 Pennsylvania May-01 267 445 3 47 Table 26 Area Code Assignments (1999-2008) Virginia Jun-01 804 434 Ontario Jun-01 905 289 Alabama Jun-01 334 251 Arizona Jun-01 520 928 Florida Aug-01 954 754 Pennsylvania Aug-01 412 878 Virginia Sep-01 540 276 Puerto Rico Sep-01 787 939 Michigan Sep-01 810 586 British Columbia Nov-01 604 778 New York Nov-01 716 585 New Jersey Dec-01 201 551 New Jersey Dec-01 732 848 New Jersey Dec-01 973 862 Ohio Jan-02 419 567 Illinois Jan-02 847 224 Indiana Jan-02 219 260 Indiana Jan-02 219 574 Arkansas Jan-02 501 479 Florida Feb-02 561 772 Florida Mar-02 941 239 Michigan Jul-02 616 269 Michigan Sep-02 248 947 Texas Feb-03 903 430 Texas Apr-03 915 325 Texas Apr-03 915 432 California Jul-04 909 951 Mississippi Mar-05 601 769 Dominican Republic Aug-05 809 829 Georgia May-06 706 762 California Aug-06 310 424 Ontario Oct-06 519 226 Quebec Nov-06 514 438 Illinois Mar-07 815 779 Illinois Oct-07 630 331 New Mexico Oct-07 505 575 California Sep-08 714 657 Kentucky Jan-09 270 364 Utah Mar-09 801 385 California May-09 818 747 California Nov-09 760 442 Oregon Feb-10 541 458 Kentucky Mar-10 270 364 Wisconsin Aug-10 715 534 Wisconsin Mar-12 920 274 Note: For years 1984 - 1998, see Industry Analysis Division, Wireline Competition Bureau, Trends in Telephone Service (August 2003). 1 Implemenation dates after 2008 are scheduled dates. 2 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 835. See Planning Letter 344. 3 The NANPA was able to reclaim area code 445. See Planning Letter 332. Source: North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), which can be accessed at www.nanpa.com. Planning letters can be found at www.nanpa.com/planning_letters/index.html. 48 Table 27 Number of Digits Necessary to Dial Local and Toll Calls in the US (As of December 2008) Local Calls Toll Calls Toll Calls Within Same Between Within Same Between Require State Area Code Area Codes Area Code Area Codes Dialing 1 + Alabama 7 1 10 2 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Alaska 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arizona 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Arkansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes California 7 3 1 + 10 7 3 1 + 10 No Colorado 7 4 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Connecticut 7 5 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Delaware 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes District of Columbia 7 10 NA 1 + 10 Yes Florida 7 6 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Georgia 7 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Hawaii 7 NA 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Idaho 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Illinois 7 8 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Indiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Iowa 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kansas 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Kentucky 7 10 9 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Louisiana 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Maine 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No Maryland 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Massachusetts 10 10 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Michigan 7 11 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Minnesota 7 10 12 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Mississippi 7 13 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Missouri 7 14 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Montana 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nebraska 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Nevada 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New Hampshire 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No New Jersey 10 15 1 + 10 10 15 1 + 10 No New Mexico 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes New York 7 16 1 + 10 7 16 1 + 10 No North Carolina 7 17 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes North Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Ohio 7 18 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oklahoma 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Oregon 10 19 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Pennsylvania 10 20 1 + 10 21 10 20 1 + 10 21 No Rhode Island 7 1 + 10 7 1 + 10 No South Carolina 7 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes South Dakota 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Tennessee 7 10 22 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Texas 7 23 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Utah 7 24 10 25 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Vermont 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Virginia 7 26 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Washington 7 27 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes West Virginia 7 28 7 28 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wisconsin 7 29 1 + 10 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes Wyoming 7 7 1 + 10 1 + 10 Yes NA - Not Applicable. Source: NPA database. The database is available at www.nanpa.com/area_codes/index.html. 49 Notes to Table 27 1 In area code 659 and 938, 10-digit dialing is used. 2 In area code 659, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 3 In area codes 424, 657 and 310, 1+10-digit dialing is used. 4 In area codes 303 and 720, 10-digit dialing is used. 5 In area codes 475 and 959, 10-digit dialing is used. 6 In area codes 305, 321, 407, 689, 754, 786, and 954, 10-digit dialing is used. 7 In area codes 404, 470, 678, 762, 706 and 770, 10-digit dialing is used. 8 In area codes 224, 331, 872, 464, 447, 815, 779, 630 and 847, 1+ 10-digit dialing is used. 9 In area codes 270, 364 and 502, 7-digit dialing is used. 10 In area code 413, 7-digit dialing is used. 11 In area codes 248, 679 and 947, 10-digit dialing is used. 12 In area codes 218, 320, and 507, 7-digit dialing is used. 13 In area codes 601 and 769, 10-digit dialing is used. 14 In area codes 557 and 975, 10-digit dialing is used. 15 In area codes 609, 856, and 908, 7-digit dialing is used. 16 In area codes 212, 347, 646, 718, and 917, 1+10 digit dialing is used. 17 In area codes 704, 980 and 984, 10-digit dialing is used. 18 In area codes 234, 283, 330, 380, 419, and 567, 10-digit dialing is used. 19 In area code 541, 7-digit dialing is used. 20 In area codes 570, 717, and 814, 7-digit dialing is used. 21 In some area codes, local calls to some other area codes may be dialed using 10 digits. 22 In area codes 615 and 931, 7-digit dialing is used. 23 In area codes 214, 281, 430, 469, 682, 713, 817, 832, 903, and 972, 10-digit dialing is used. 24 In area code 385, 10-digit dialing is used. 25 In area code 435, 7-digit dialing is used. 26 In area codes 571 and 703, 10-digit dialing is used. 27 In area code 564, 10-digit dialing is used. 28 In area code 681, 10-digit dialing is used. 29 In area code 274 and 534, 10-digit dialing is used. 50 Customer Response Publication: Numbering Resource Utilization in the United States (NRUF data as of December 31, 2008). 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